English Reference

Word

array

Phoneticsar·ray, stress on the second syllable

US/ɝˈeɪ/

UK/ɐɹˈeɪ/

Definitions

01an impressive group

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a large and impressive collection of people or things.

n. an imposing or comprehensive collection of items or people, often arranged for display.

“The shop offers a wide array of organic vegetables and fruits.”

“The gallery featured a stunning array of contemporary sculptures, each positioned to catch the shifting afternoon light.”

Antonyms

02an orderly arrangement

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Formal

n. a group of things placed in a specific order or pattern.

n. an orderly series or arrangement, often in rows or columns.

“The solar panels were placed in a neat array on the roof.”

“The military commander inspected the array of troops, ensuring each battalion was perfectly aligned for the ceremonial parade.”

Antonyms

03computing data structure

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Computing Technical

n. a way of storing a list of similar items in a computer program.

n. a data structure consisting of a collection of elements, each identified by at least one array index or key.

“The programmer used an array to store the names of all the users.”

“By using a multidimensional array, the software can efficiently process complex spatial coordinates in real-time.”

Synonyms

04legal jury panel

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Law Formal · Technical

n. the group of people chosen to be a jury in a court case.

n. the whole body of jurors summoned to attend a court or the list of those impanelled.

“The lawyer challenged the array of jurors, claiming the selection was unfair.”

“The defense attorney moved to quash the array, arguing that the jury pool did not represent a fair cross-section of the community.”

Synonyms

05to arrange or deploy

C1 · Advanced Formal

v. to place things or people in a specific order, especially for a battle or a display.

v. to set in order or to marshal forces; often used in passive constructions regarding military or political positioning.

“The general arrayed his tanks along the border as a show of strength.”

“The various political factions were arrayed against the new tax proposal, forming an unlikely alliance to block the legislation.”

Antonyms

scatterdisorganize

06to dress up

C2 · Proficiency Literary

v. to dress someone in beautiful or expensive clothes.

v. to clothe or attire someone in fine or decorative garments.

“The queen was arrayed in jewels and silk for the coronation.”

“The bride was arrayed in a gown of antique lace, looking like a figure from a nineteenth-century portrait.”

Synonyms

clotheattiredeck out

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “array” in context.

Adjective

01. vast array

“The museum displays a vast array of artifacts from the Roman Empire.”

adj + noun

02. wide array

“The store offers a wide array of organic products to suit every dietary need.”

adj + noun

Real-World Examples

“Radio interferometers are arrays of individual dishes that work together as a team, like one large telescope with lots of holes in it.”
Phys.org 16 Aug 2026
“It is roughly the size of a person, with a tough metal body and an array of sensors packed inside.”
BBC News 14 Jul 2026

Etymology

From Middle English arrayen, from Anglo-Norman arraier (compare Old French arraier, areer (“to put in order”)), from Vulgar Latin arrēdō (“to put in order, arrange, array”), from rēdum (“preparation, order”), from Frankish raid or raidā (“preparation, order”) or Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (garaiþs, “ready, prepared”), from Proto-Germanic raidaz, raidiz (“ready”). Compare Old English rād (“condition, stipulation”), Old High German antreitī (“order, rank”). Doublet of ready.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domains

LawMathematicsMilitaryProgramming

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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