English Reference

Word

duke

US/ˈduk/

UK/djˈuːk/

Definitions

01nobleman

B2

n. a man of very high social rank, just below a prince.

n. the highest rank of the peerage in several European countries, often holding a title associated with a specific territory or duchy.

“The Duke of Wellington led the army to victory at the battle.”

“The Duke inherited a vast estate in the countryside, along with several historic titles that had been in his family for centuries.”

Synonyms

02fists

C1

n. your hands when they are closed tightly, usually used when talking about fighting.

n. a person's fists; almost exclusively used in the plural form within the idiom 'put up your dukes'.

“The two men put up their dukes and prepared to fight in the street.”

“He told the bully to put up his dukes, though it was clear he had never actually been in a physical confrontation before.”

Informal · Slang

Usage

Usually plural ('dukes').

Teaching tip

This sense is mostly found in older movies or books; modern speakers use it for a humorous or old-fashioned effect.

Synonyms

03to fight

C1

v. to fight with your fists, especially in the phrase 'duke it out'.

v. to engage in a physical or verbal fight; typically used in the phrasal verb 'duke it out'.

“The two politicians decided to duke it out during the live television debate.”

“Rather than taking the matter to court, the two companies decided to duke it out in the marketplace through aggressive advertising campaigns.”

Informal · American English

Usage

Commonly used as 'duke it out'.

Synonyms

Real-World Examples

“The Duke and Duchess of Sussex are planning to return to live in Britain, six years after leaving for the US, it has been reported.”
The Guardian · 20 Aug 2026
“The sudden decision to return leaves lots of questions for the Duke and Duchess of Sussex and Royal Family.”
BBC News · 20 Aug 2026
“The Duke and Duchess of Sussex are planning to move back to the UK, BBC News understands.”
BBC News · 20 Aug 2026
“In 1587, Grand Duke Francesco de Medici and his wife, Bianca Cappello, died during a visit to the family villa in Poggio after a brief severe illness.”
Ars Technica · 3 Aug 2026

Word family

archdukeNoundukeNoun

Related words

Idioms

put up one's dukes — To raise one's clenched fists in front of one's body and stand in a threatening or defiant manner, in preparation for a fistfight.

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Common
Updated

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English Reference