English Reference

Word

liberty

Phoneticslib·er·ty, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈɫɪbɝˌti/

UK/lˈɪbəti/

Definitions

01freedom from control

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the power or right to do as you want without being controlled by a government or other people.

n. the state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behaviour, or political views.

“The people fought for their liberty and the right to vote for their own leaders.”

“The new constitution was designed to protect individual liberty against the potential overreach of a centralized government.”

02not in prison

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the state of not being in prison or under the control of someone else.

n. the condition of being free from physical imprisonment, servitude, or forced labour.

“After ten years in jail, the prisoner finally regained his liberty.”

“The legal team argued that the defendant's right to personal liberty had been violated by his prolonged detention without a formal trial.”

03taking a liberty

C1 · Advanced Countable noun British English · Informal

n. doing something that is a bit rude or goes beyond what is usually allowed.

n. an act or statement that oversteps the boundaries of propriety or social convention.

“It's a bit of a liberty to use my car without asking me first.”

“The biographer was criticized for taking liberties with the facts to make the story more dramatic for the readers.”

04shore leave

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Technical

n. a short time when a sailor is allowed to leave their ship and go onto the land.

n. a period of authorized absence from a naval vessel or station, typically for recreation.

“The sailors were granted liberty for the weekend while the ship was in port.”

“After three months at sea, the crew was eager for liberty in the vibrant coastal city.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “liberty” in context.

Verb

01. curtail civil liberties

“The new security laws significantly curtail civil liberties in the name of national safety.”

verb + adj + noun

02. infringe on personal liberty

“Critics argue that mandatory surveillance programs infringe on personal liberty.”

verb + prep + adj + noun

03. uphold the principle of liberty

“The supreme court was established to uphold the principle of liberty for all citizens.”

verb + noun + prep + noun

Adjective

04. individual liberty

“The constitution was designed to protect individual liberty from government overreach.”

adj + noun

05. religious liberty

“The country has a long tradition of respecting religious liberty and diverse beliefs.”

adj + noun

Noun

06. deprivation of liberty

“A prison sentence is the ultimate deprivation of liberty allowed under the legal system.”

noun + of + noun

Preposition

07. at liberty

“I am not at liberty to discuss the details of the confidential agreement.”

prep + noun

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the abstract concept of freedom; countable when describing specific rights or privileges granted by a governing body.

Real-World Examples

“Under Warren’s leadership, the court had strengthened the protections in the Bill of Rights , required states to fully recognize them and ushered in many of the rights and liberties we know today.”
The Conversation 11 Aug 2026
“Silkie Carlo, the director of civil liberties group Big Brother Watch, has called for Sainsbury's to scrap the technology, arguing that it is "treating customers like criminals".”
BBC News 17 Aug 2026
“Convincing, yes, but significantly short of the 72% won by David Davis in 2008 when he resigned his seat and stood again as a protest over the issue of civil liberties.”
The Guardian 14 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English liberte, borrowed from Old French liberté, itself from Latin libertas ("freedom"), ultimately from liber ("free"); the same root appears in liberal.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Word family

NOUN

Liberty(C1)

Idioms

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/liberty

English Reference