English Reference

Word

murder

Phoneticsmur·der, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈmɝdɝ/

UK/mˈɜːdɐ/

Definitions

01the crime of killing

B1 · Intermediate Uncountable noun Law

n. the crime of intentionally killing a person.

n. the unlawful premeditated killing of one human being by another. Uncountable in its abstract legal sense, though countable when referring to specific instances.

“The police are investigating a murder that happened in the park last night.”

“The prosecution struggled to prove premeditation, which is a necessary element for a first-degree murder conviction in this jurisdiction.”

Synonyms

02something very difficult

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Informal

n. something that is very unpleasant or difficult to deal with.

n. an experience or task that is extremely arduous, painful, or difficult to endure.

“Walking up those stairs with heavy bags was absolute murder on my knees.”

“Commuting for three hours every day in this heat is absolute murder, and I am seriously considering moving closer to the office.”

Antonyms

03a group of crows

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Literary

n. the special name for a group of crows.

n. the collective noun for a group of crows.

“A murder of crows gathered in the old oak tree at sunset.”

“The poet used the image of a murder of crows circling the battlefield to create a sense of impending doom.”

Synonyms

04to kill someone

B1 · Intermediate Law

v. to kill someone deliberately and illegally.

v. to commit the crime of murder; to kill a human being with malice aforethought.

“He was sent to prison for life after he tried to murder the witness.”

“The historical record suggests the king was murdered by his own guards, though no official charges were ever brought.”

Antonyms

05to perform badly

B2 · Upper Intermediate Informal

v. to perform a song or a piece of writing very badly.

v. to spoil or ruin something, such as a piece of music or a language, through poor performance or pronunciation.

“I like singing, but I usually murder the high notes in that song.”

“The amateur dramatic society absolutely murdered the Shakespearean dialogue, much to the disappointment of the local critics.”

Synonyms

butchermangleruin

Antonyms

06to want or eat greedily

C1 · Advanced British English · Informal

v. to really want to eat or drink something right now.

v. to consume something with great enthusiasm or to have a strong desire for something. Often used with 'could'.

“I am so thirsty I could murder a cold glass of water.”

“After a long day of hiking in the rain, the entire group felt they could murder a hot meal and a warm bed.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “murder” in context.

Verb

01. be guilty of murder

“The jury found the defendant guilty of murder after a long trial.”

verb + adj + prep + noun

02. commit a murder

“The police are still looking for the person who committed the murder.”

verb + noun

03. investigate a murder

“Detectives are investigating a murder that took place in the city center last night.”

verb + noun

Adjective

04. attempted murder

“He was charged with attempted murder after the victim survived the attack.”

adj + noun

05. brutal murder

“The community was shocked by the brutal murder of a local shopkeeper.”

adj + noun

Noun

06. murder investigation

“The murder investigation is expected to take several months to complete.”

noun + noun

07. murder mystery

“I love reading a good murder mystery before I go to sleep.”

noun + noun

08. murder weapon

“Divers searched the lake for hours trying to find the murder weapon.”

noun + noun

Etymology

From Middle English murder, murdre, mourdre, alteration of earlier murthre (“murder”) (see murther), from Old English morþor (“secret slaying, unlawful killing”) and Old English myrþra (“murder, homicide”), both from Proto-West Germanic morþr, from Proto-Germanic murþrą (“death, killing, murder”), from Proto-Indo-European mr̥tro- (“killing”), from Proto-Indo-European mer-, mor-, mr̥- (“to die”). Akin to Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂 (maurþr, “murder”), Old High German mord (“murder”), Old Norse morð (“murder”), Old English myrþrian (“to murder”) and morþ. The -d- in the Middle English form may have been influenced in part by Anglo-Norman murdre, from Old French murdre, from Medieval Latin murdrum (whence the English doublet of murdrum), from Frankish morþr, murþr (“murder”), from the same Germanic root, though this may also have been wholly the result of internal development (compare burden, from burthen). (crows): Attested at least since 1475.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

murder(B1)

ADJECTIVE

Idioms

The word in film

Poster for Dial M for Murder

Poster: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

Dial M for Murder · 1954 · Crime

Directed by:
Alfred Hitchcock
Starring:
Grace Kelly, Ray Milland, Robert Cummings

Alfred Hitchcock directs this cunning thriller about a retired tennis professional who plots the execution of his wealthy wife to inherit her fortune. The title references the British telephone dial, where dialing the letter M sets in motion the planned, deliberate killing of another human being.

Domains

LawSports

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
Frequency
Very common
Level
B1 · IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference