English Reference
adjective · noun

pastoral

adj. · n.
US /ˈpæstɝəɫ/ UK /pˈɑːstəɹəl/ pas·toral UK spelling pastorals

  1. 01 C1 Advanced Literary

    adj.describing a beautiful, peaceful country scene, often with farm animals like sheep.

    adj.relating to the countryside or to the lives of people who live there, especially in an idealized or romanticized way.

    Simple

    The painting showed a pastoral scene of sheep grazing on a green hill.

    In context

    The poet spent his later years in a pastoral retreat, finding inspiration in the rhythmic simplicity of the agricultural seasons.

    ruralrusticbucolic
  2. 02 C1 Advanced Formal Religion

    adj.relating to the work of a priest or teacher in looking after the personal needs of their people.

    adj.concerning the spiritual or emotional care and guidance provided by a religious leader or an educator to their community.

    Simple

    The school provides excellent pastoral care to help students with their personal problems.

    In context

    The bishop's pastoral visit focused on providing emotional support to the families affected by the recent floods.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency LiteraryTechnical Music

    n.a piece of writing, music, or art that shows a simple and peaceful country life.

    n.a literary or musical work portraying or evoking the life of shepherds or the quietude of the country.

    Simple

    The composer wrote a beautiful pastoral for the flute and piano.

    In context

    The collection includes several pastorals that contrast the innocence of the shepherd's life with the corruption of the royal court.

    idylleclogue
  4. 04 C2 Proficiency FormalTechnical Religion

    n.an official letter from a bishop or church leader to the people in their area.

    n.an official letter or message addressed by a bishop to the clergy or laity of a diocese.

    Simple

    The priest read the bishop's pastoral to the congregation during the Sunday service.

    In context

    The latest pastoral from the House of Bishops addresses the ethical implications of new medical technologies.

Purevraqchaa Mongolia’s rangelands may appear open, but they support ecosystems and pastoral livelihoods, underscoring why the location of renewable-energy projects matters.

UN News· 19 Aug 2026

These relationships point to extensive contact and exchange among prehistoric farming and pastoral communities across a wide geographic area.

ScienceDaily· 21 Jul 2026

From Middle French, Old French pastoral, from Latin pāstōrālis, from pāstor (“shepherd”), + adjective suffix -ālis.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated