English Reference
noun

refining

n.
US /ɹəˈfaɪnɪŋ/ UK /ɹɪfˈaɪnɪŋ/ re·fin·ing

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Science

    the industrial process of cleaning a raw material, such as oil or sugar, to make it ready for use.

    the industrial process of removing impurities from a raw substance, such as petroleum, metal, or sugar, to produce a finished product.

    Simple

    The refining of crude oil into petrol takes place at large plants near the coast.

    In context

    Environmental regulations have forced significant changes in the refining of precious metals to reduce toxic waste runoff.

    Usage

    Often used as an uncountable noun in industrial contexts.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the act of making small changes to something to make it better or more exact.

    the process of improving a theory, method, or skill by making fine adjustments or removing flaws.

    Simple

    After months of refining, the new software was finally ready for the public.

    In context

    The constant refining of his technique allowed the pianist to perform the difficult concerto with effortless precision.

    Usage

    Frequently appears as a gerund acting as a noun.

Oil production in the Gulf has recovered somewhat since the US went to war with Iran but diesel refining in the area has not, Dhar wrote.

The Guardian· 24 Aug 2026

Most of that is oil which will be shipped to Europe for refining before being sold on the open market.

BBC News· 17 Aug 2026
This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated