English Reference

Word

tropical

Phoneticstrop·i·cal, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈtɹɑpɪkəɫ/

UK/tɹˈɒpɪkəl/

Definitions

01climate and geography

B1 · Intermediate

adj. coming from or typical of the hottest parts of the world near the equator.

adj. pertaining to the tropics, the equatorial region between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, or characteristic of a hot and humid climate.

“The island is famous for its beautiful tropical birds and lush green forests.”

“The region's tropical climate is characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall throughout the year, supporting a vast array of biodiversity.”

02mathematics

C2 · Proficiency Mathematics Technical

adj. a special kind of math used in geometry and computer science where you add numbers instead of multiplying them.

adj. relating to tropical geometry or tropical semirings, where the standard operations of addition and multiplication are replaced by 'minimum' and 'addition'.

“The researcher used tropical geometry to solve a complex problem in computer science.”

“Tropical geometry provides a powerful framework for translating problems in algebraic geometry into a combinatorial setting using the tropical semiring.”

Usage

Usually modifies nouns like 'geometry', 'algebra', or 'analysis'.

Teaching tip

This is a highly specialized term in discrete mathematics; the name 'tropical' was coined in honor of the Brazilian mathematician Imre Simon.

03figurative language

C2 · Proficiency Archaic · Formal

adj. using words in a way that is not literal, like a metaphor.

adj. pertaining to or involving tropes; used in a figurative or metaphorical sense rather than a literal one.

“The poet used tropical language to describe the sunset as a golden crown.”

“The critic argued that the author's tropical style obscured the underlying message of the essay through excessive use of metaphor.”

Teaching tip

This sense is rarely encountered in modern English outside of 19th-century literature or specialized rhetorical studies.

Antonyms

04a plant

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a plant that naturally grows in a hot, wet climate.

n. a plant species indigenous to or characteristic of the tropics.

“The greenhouse was filled with colorful tropicals that couldn't survive the cold winter outside.”

“The botanical garden features a dedicated pavilion for tropicals, maintaining the high temperatures required for the orchids and ferns to thrive.”

Usage

Often used in the plural when referring to a collection of plants.

Synonyms

exotic plant

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “tropical” in context.

Verb

01. enjoy the tropical sun

“We spent the entire afternoon enjoying the tropical sun on the white sandy beach.”

verb + adj + noun

Adjective

02. distinctly tropical

“The humidity in the greenhouse felt distinctly tropical compared to the cold air outside.”

adv + adj

03. lush tropical

“The resort was surrounded by lush tropical gardens filled with exotic flowers.”

adj + noun

Noun

04. tropical storm

“The weather forecast warned that a tropical storm was approaching the coast.”

adj + noun

05. tropical climate

“The island's tropical climate makes it a popular destination for sunseekers all year round.”

adj + noun

06. tropical disease

“Travelers are advised to get vaccinated against various tropical diseases before their trip.”

adj + noun

07. tropical fruit

“The breakfast buffet offered a wide selection of fresh tropical fruit like mango and papaya.”

adj + noun

08. tropical rainforest

“Many unique species of birds live deep within the tropical rainforest.”

adj + noun

Real-World Examples

“Our reporter, Apoorva Mandavilli, goes inside a mosquito factory in Brazil, where scientists are producing millions of mosquitoes to fight deadly tropical diseases in a warming world.”
The New York Times 13 Aug 2026
“They live in tropical forests in small family groups and are found across parts of south-east Asia, including Thailand, Myanmar and Malaysia.”
BBC News 13 Aug 2026
“A major shift could tug at the West African monsoon, tropical rainfall belts and rainfall over the Amazon.”
BBC News 14 Jul 2026

Etymology

From tropic + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

tropical(B2)

Domain

Mathematics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference