English Reference
adjective · noun

tropical

adj. · n.
US /ˈtɹɑpɪkəɫ/ UK /tɹˈɒpɪkəl/ trop·i·cal

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    adj.coming from or typical of the hottest parts of the world near the equator.

    adj.pertaining to the tropics, the equatorial region between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, or characteristic of a hot and humid climate.

    Simple

    The island is famous for its beautiful tropical birds and lush green forests.

    In context

    The region's tropical climate is characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall throughout the year, supporting a vast array of biodiversity.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Technical Math

    adj.a special kind of math used in geometry and computer science where you add numbers instead of multiplying them.

    adj.relating to tropical geometry or tropical semirings, where the standard operations of addition and multiplication are replaced by 'minimum' and 'addition'.

    Simple

    The researcher used tropical geometry to solve a complex problem in computer science.

    In context

    Tropical geometry provides a powerful framework for translating problems in algebraic geometry into a combinatorial setting using the tropical semiring.

    Usage

    Usually modifies nouns like 'geometry', 'algebra', or 'analysis'.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a highly specialized term in discrete mathematics; the name 'tropical' was coined in honor of the Brazilian mathematician Imre Simon.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency ArchaicFormal

    adj.using words in a way that is not literal, like a metaphor.

    adj.pertaining to or involving tropes; used in a figurative or metaphorical sense rather than a literal one.

    Simple

    The poet used tropical language to describe the sunset as a golden crown.

    In context

    The critic argued that the author's tropical style obscured the underlying message of the essay through excessive use of metaphor.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is rarely encountered in modern English outside of 19th-century literature or specialized rhetorical studies.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a plant that naturally grows in a hot, wet climate.

    n.a plant species indigenous to or characteristic of the tropics.

    Simple

    The greenhouse was filled with colorful tropicals that couldn't survive the cold winter outside.

    In context

    The botanical garden features a dedicated pavilion for tropicals, maintaining the high temperatures required for the orchids and ferns to thrive.

    Usage

    Often used in the plural when referring to a collection of plants.

    exotic plant

Usage tropical storm

Our reporter, Apoorva Mandavilli, goes inside a mosquito factory in Brazil, where scientists are producing millions of mosquitoes to fight deadly tropical diseases in a warming world.

The New York Times· 13 Aug 2026

They live in tropical forests in small family groups and are found across parts of south-east Asia, including Thailand, Myanmar and Malaysia.

BBC News· 13 Aug 2026

From tropic + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated