English Reference

00 / Confusables

British and American

Colour and color, lift and elevator, maths and math: the same language, two habits.

23sets

01 / programme vs program

Programme is the standard British spelling for schedules and broadcasts, while program is the universal term for computing and the standard American spelling for all contexts.

Side by side

  • programme

    A British schedule, broadcast, or plan.

    The local gallery has organized a diverse programme of summer workshops for children.

  • program

    Software code or Americanized schedule spelling.

    She spent the entire afternoon writing a new program to automate her spreadsheets.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am watching a very interesting nature program on the BBC tonight.Right: I am watching a very interesting nature programme on the BBC tonight.

  • Wrong: The developer is updating the programme to fix several security vulnerabilities.Right: The developer is updating the program to fix several security vulnerabilities.

Remember

British 'programme' has extra letters for everything except computers.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    A sophisticated computer now helps city planners monitor traffic flow and reduce carbon emissions in real time.

  2. 2.

    Many viewers across London tuned in to watch the live about the history of the premier league.

  3. 3.

    We need to print the wedding before the guests arrive at the venue.

  4. 4.

    The computer crashed immediately after I tried to save the final draft.

  5. 5.

    The local community centre released a new of yoga classes and vegan cooking workshops for the summer.

02 / colour vs color

Colour is the standard spelling in British English, while color is the standard spelling in American English.

Side by side

  • colour

    The British spelling of the noun.

    The artist chose a vibrant shade of blue to be the primary colour.

  • color

    The American spelling of the noun.

    The bright color of the flowers attracted several bees to the garden.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The London sky is often a grey color during the winter months.Right: The London sky is often a grey colour during the winter months.

  • Wrong: The American flag features the colour red, white, and blue.Right: The American flag features the color red, white, and blue.

Remember

British English uses the 'u'; American English drops it.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Leaves often change their when the temperature begins to drop in autumn.

  2. 2.

    The Los Angeles designer updated the app interface using a vibrant palette for the California market.

  3. 3.

    Many American streaming services allow users to adjust the settings for a better cinematic experience.

  4. 4.

    Fans at the London stadium wore the team home to show support during the final match.

  5. 5.

    You can adjust the settings on your monitor to reduce eye strain.

03 / centre vs center

Centre is the standard spelling in British English, while center is the standard spelling in American English.

Side by side

  • centre

    The middle point or a building.

    The new shopping centre opened in the middle of the town last week.

  • center

    The middle point or a building.

    The research center is located just outside the city limits.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The London community center offers free classes for local residents.Right: The London community centre offers free classes for local residents.

  • Wrong: The basketball game took place at the Staples Centre in Los Angeles.Right: The basketball game took place at the Staples Center in Los Angeles.

Remember

British English uses -re; American English uses -er.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    He stood in the of the room to address the crowd.

  2. 2.

    Please place the vase in the exact of the dining table.

  3. 3.

    The new community garden will serve as a vibrant social for London residents this summer.

  4. 4.

    The star striker dribbled the ball toward the pitch before taking a powerful shot.

  5. 5.

    The city council plans to build a modern tech research in downtown Chicago next year.

04 / favourite vs favorite

British English uses the -our spelling, while American English uses the -or spelling.

Side by side

  • favourite

    Preferred above all others (British).

    Blue has always been my favourite colour for home decor.

  • favorite

    Preferred above all others (American).

    Pizza is a favorite meal for many families on Friday nights.

Watch out

  • Wrong: In London, fish and chips is the most favorite meal.Right: In London, fish and chips is the most favourite meal.

  • Wrong: The American president discussed his favourite policy during the interview.Right: The American president discussed his favorite policy during the interview.

Remember

ColoUr and favoUrite belong to the UK.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    A popular American tech reviewer recently named this electric car his model for city driving.

  2. 2.

    What is your memory from your time living in New York?

  3. 3.

    The London football club announced that a local academy player is the new for the starting role.

  4. 4.

    Most users on the New York based streaming app save their shows to a personalized watch list.

  5. 5.

    The teacher asked the students to name their literary character.

05 / travelling vs traveling

Travelling is the standard spelling in British English, while traveling is the standard spelling in American English.

Side by side

  • travelling

    The British spelling of the participle.

    She spent three months travelling across Europe after finishing her degree.

  • traveling

    The American spelling of the participle.

    The sales team is traveling to Chicago for the annual conference next week.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The company policy for traveling expenses follows UK government guidelines.Right: The company policy for travelling expenses follows UK government guidelines.

  • Wrong: Most Americans enjoy travelling to national parks during the summer months.Right: Most Americans enjoy traveling to national parks during the summer months.

Remember

Double L for London; single L for Los Angeles.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    by train is often more relaxing than driving through heavy traffic.

  2. 2.

    British football fans are often seen across Europe to support their teams in international matches.

  3. 3.

    The digital nomad shared a video about through California while working remotely from a van.

  4. 4.

    My American colleague is to New York for a conference on sustainable city life next week.

  5. 5.

    light makes it much easier to navigate busy airport terminals.

06 / cancelled vs canceled

British English doubles the final 'l' when adding suffixes to this verb, while American English uses a single 'l'.

Side by side

  • cancelled

    The standard spelling in British English.

    The airline cancelled all flights to London due to the heavy fog.

  • canceled

    The standard spelling in American English.

    The game was canceled after the stadium lights stopped working.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The BBC reported that the show was canceled due to low ratings.Right: The BBC reported that the show was cancelled due to low ratings.

  • Wrong: My flight to New York was cancelled because of the snowstorm.Right: My flight to New York was canceled because of the snowstorm.

Remember

Double L for London; single L for Liberty.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    He his subscription because he no longer used the service.

  2. 2.

    She noticed that her subscription to the streaming service was after the payment method expired yesterday.

  3. 3.

    The Los Angeles flight was after a sudden storm grounded all electric commuter planes at the airport.

  4. 4.

    The London football match was because the stadium staff could not reach the venue during the strike.

  5. 5.

    She felt relieved when the morning meeting was finally .

07 / maths vs math

Maths is the standard term in British English, while math is the standard term in American English.

Side by side

  • maths

    The British term for mathematics.

    She decided to study advanced maths at a university in London next year.

  • math

    The American term for mathematics.

    He needs to pass his math final to graduate from high school.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The students in London are preparing for their math exams.Right: The students in London are preparing for their maths exams.

  • Wrong: I am moving to New York to study maths at NYU.Right: I am moving to New York to study math at NYU.

Remember

Maths = British plural-style; Math = American singular-style.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The new curriculum focuses heavily on problem solving and critical thinking.

  2. 2.

    The London startup is looking for a developer with a strong background in advanced and statistics.

  3. 3.

    The popular YouTuber from California explains complex concepts using simple animations and creative digital art.

  4. 4.

    Our teacher gave us a very difficult set of equations for homework.

  5. 5.

    Many football fans in Manchester use statistical to predict the final scores of the weekend matches.

08 / at the weekend vs on the weekend

At the weekend is the standard British English prepositional phrase, while on the weekend is the standard American English equivalent.

Side by side

  • at the weekend

    British English for Saturday and Sunday.

    We usually go for a long walk in the countryside at the weekend.

  • on the weekend

    American English for Saturday and Sunday.

    I need to finish painting the guest room on the weekend.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am flying to London to see my family on the weekend.Right: I am flying to London to see my family at the weekend.

Remember

At for the UK, On for the USA.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Most London football fans prefer travelling to away matches by train .

  2. 2.

    The museum is always much busier than during the week.

  3. 3.

    Many New York professionals use fitness apps to track their long runs .

  4. 4.

    British gamers often join international tournaments that host live streaming events .

  5. 5.

    Do you have any special plans for what to do ?

09 / have got vs have

Have got is an informal, present-tense alternative to have for possession and obligation, used primarily in British English.

Side by side

  • have got

    Not English

    Informal possession or current obligation.

  • have

    Possession, states, or habitual actions.

    Most modern apartments in this city have central heating and double glazing.

Remember

Have got is for now; have is for always.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    They a great new series on that streaming platform about professional football scouts.

  2. 2.

    Do you enough time to finish the report before the meeting starts?

  3. 3.

    Most electric cars now a range that exceeds three hundred miles on a single charge.

  4. 4.

    I to finish this video call before the gym class starts at six.

10 / shall vs will

Will is the standard marker for future intent and prediction, while shall is restricted to formal offers, suggestions, or legal obligations.

Side by side

  • shall

    Formal offers and legal requirements.

    Shall we move into the dining room for the next part of the evening?

  • will

    General future actions and predictions.

    The weather report says it will rain for most of the coming weekend.

Watch out

  • Wrong: Will I open the window for you since it is hot in here?Right: Shall I open the window for you since it is hot in here?

  • Wrong: We shall go to the cinema tomorrow if you are free.Right: We will go to the cinema tomorrow if you are free.

Remember

Will for the future; Shall for a formal offer.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The tenant maintain the property in good condition throughout the lease term.

  2. 2.

    We begin the legal review of the remote work contract after the video call ends.

  3. 3.

    Most urban commuters likely switch to electric cars as the city expands its charging network.

  4. 4.

    The fitness app notify you when it is time to start your morning yoga session tomorrow.

  5. 5.

    I call you as soon as the meeting finishes this afternoon.

11 / got vs gotten

Gotten is the standard past participle in American English for obtaining or becoming, while British English uses got for all past participle functions.

Side by side

  • got

    The universal past participle in British English.

    He has got much better at playing the piano since he started lessons.

  • gotten

    American past participle for acquiring or changing.

    The weather has gotten much colder since the sun went down this evening.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The traffic has got much worse since they started the roadworks.Right: The traffic has gotten much worse since they started the roadworks.

Remember

US: Gotten for getting; Got for having.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    I realized I had the wrong directions halfway through the journey.

  2. 2.

    Prices for electric cars have much lower since the government introduced the new climate subsidy last month.

  3. 3.

    He has a new job working remotely for a tech startup based in London this year.

  4. 4.

    The American producer had millions of views on his new gaming channel before the season finale aired.

  5. 5.

    She has finally a new job after months of searching.

12 / in hospital vs in the hospital

British English omits the definite article to indicate a patient's status, while American English retains the article for both patients and visitors.

Side by side

  • in hospital

    Receiving medical treatment as a patient.

    My grandmother has been in hospital for three days following her hip surgery.

  • in the hospital

    Located inside the medical building.

    She works as a senior surgeon in the hospital downtown.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The doctor says I need to stay in the hospital for observation tonight.Right: The doctor says I need to stay in hospital for observation tonight.

Remember

No 'the' means you're the patient.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    He cannot attend the meeting because he is still recovering.

  2. 2.

    The Premier League striker is currently following a collision during yesterday's match in London.

  3. 3.

    Recovery takes time when you are after a major operation on your knee.

  4. 4.

    He spent two hours visiting his sister who works there as a surgeon.

  5. 5.

    I am waiting cafeteria until the visiting hours begin.

13 / at university vs at college

British English uses 'at university' for higher education, while American English uses 'at college' for the same level of study.

Side by side

  • at university

    Studying for a degree in British English.

    She is currently studying law at university in London.

  • at college

    Studying for a degree in American English.

    My brother is a sophomore at college in California.

Watch out

  • Wrong: My cousin is studying engineering at college in Oxford.Right: My cousin is studying engineering at university in Oxford.

  • Wrong: He decided to play football while he was at university in Texas.Right: He decided to play football while he was at college in Texas.

Remember

UK: University. US: College.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    He studied sustainable engineering in London before joining a green energy startup.

  2. 2.

    British graduates often stay in touch via group chats with the friends they met .

  3. 3.

    Many American students use fitness apps to track their workouts while living in dorms .

  4. 4.

    They spent four years before starting their careers.

  5. 5.

    We met while we were both twenty years ago.

14 / holiday vs vacation

Holiday is the standard British term for time away from work or school, while vacation is the preferred American equivalent.

Side by side

  • holiday

    Time off work or school (UK).

    We are planning to go to Greece for our summer holiday this year.

  • vacation

    Time off work or school (US).

    She still has two weeks of paid vacation left to use before December.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am taking a two-week holiday to visit my cousins in New York.Right: I am taking a two-week vacation to visit my cousins in New York.

Remember

Holiday = UK. Vacation = USA.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    My London office will be closed next Monday because it is a bank in the United Kingdom.

  2. 2.

    The football fans traveled to Spain for their annual to watch the pre-season friendly matches.

  3. 3.

    She posted a video of her summer in California to her social media stories yesterday.

  4. 4.

    The family rented a small cabin in the mountains for their winter .

  5. 5.

    The office will be closed because Monday is a public in England.

15 / flat vs apartment

Flat is the standard British term for a self-contained home on one floor, while apartment is the preferred American term.

Side by side

  • flat

    A British home on one floor.

    They decided to rent a small flat in central London for the summer.

  • apartment

    An American home on one floor.

    He moved into a modern apartment in New York to be near work.

    The building has twenty separate apartments and a shared gym for all residents.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am looking for a cheap apartment in London near the underground.Right: I am looking for a cheap flat in London near the underground.

Remember

Flat = British. Apartment = American.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The young developer in New York works from his small while managing a popular gaming server.

  2. 2.

    British football fans gathered in a crowded to watch the championship match on a streaming app.

  3. 3.

    My cousin in London just posted a video tour of his new two-bedroom on social media.

  4. 4.

    Her new has a wonderful view of the park from the balcony.

16 / lift vs elevator

Lift is the standard term in British English, while elevator is the standard term in American English.

Side by side

  • lift

    British term for a moving platform.

    The lift is out of order, so we'll have to take the stairs.

  • elevator

    American term for a moving platform.

    We took the elevator to the top floor of the skyscraper.

    The office building has four high-speed elevators for the staff.

Watch out

  • Wrong: When I visited London, I took the elevator to my hotel room.Right: When I visited London, I took the lift to my hotel room.

  • Wrong: The lift in the New York apartment building was very small.Right: The elevator in the New York apartment building was very small.

Remember

Lift is British; Elevator is American.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    A delivery driver in Manhattan waited for the service to reach the penthouse floor.

  2. 2.

    Please hold the for me while I grab my suitcase.

  3. 3.

    The modern apartment complex in Manchester features a high-speed powered by renewable energy.

  4. 4.

    The London football fans crowded into the narrow after the match ended in a draw.

17 / lorry vs truck

Lorry is the standard British term for a heavy goods vehicle, while truck is the American equivalent.

Side by side

  • lorry

    British term for a heavy goods vehicle.

    The lorry driver stopped at a service station near Manchester for a break.

  • truck

    American term for a heavy goods vehicle.

    He drove his truck across the state line to deliver the construction materials.

    The shipping company purchased a new fleet of trucks for long-haul routes.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The driver parked his lorry outside the diner in downtown Chicago.Right: The driver parked his truck outside the diner in downtown Chicago.

Remember

Lorry = London. Truck = Texas.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The driver parked his electric near the London football stadium to unload the team merchandise.

  2. 2.

    Heavy rain caused a delivery to skid while navigating the narrow streets of the British capital.

  3. 3.

    A massive food serves gourmet tacos to remote workers gathered in the downtown Seattle park.

  4. 4.

    A large blocked the narrow country lane during the morning delivery.

18 / queue vs line

Queue is the standard British term for a waiting row, while line is the American equivalent.

Side by side

  • queue

    A British row of waiting people.

    We had to join a long queue to buy tickets for the museum.

  • line

    An American row of waiting people.

    There was a massive line outside the stadium before the concert started.

Watch out

  • Wrong: When I visited London, I stood in a long line for the underground.Right: When I visited London, I stood in a long queue for the underground.

  • Wrong: Americans usually wait in a queue at the grocery store checkout.Right: Americans usually wait in a line at the grocery store checkout.

Remember

Queue is for the Queen; Line is for Liberty.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Shoppers in London often join a digital when a popular new smartphone is released online.

  2. 2.

    The commuters stood in an orderly at the bus stop this morning.

  3. 3.

    Commuters in New York usually wait in a long at the station to recharge their transit cards.

  4. 4.

    I waited in for twenty minutes just to get a coffee.

  5. 5.

    The British fans had to for hours outside the stadium to secure tickets for the final match.

19 / petrol vs gasoline/gas

Petrol is the standard term in British English, while gasoline or gas is used in American English.

Side by side

  • petrol

    Refined fuel for cars in Britain.

    The price of petrol has risen sharply at stations across London this month.

  • gasoline/gas

    Not English

    Refined fuel for cars in America.

Remember

Petrol for the UK; Gas for the USA.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Many British commuters now use app alerts to find the cheapest available in their local neighborhood.

  2. 2.

    The new road trip movie features a group of friends stopping at a remote station for .

  3. 3.

    Drivers across London are switching to electric cars because the price of has risen sharply this year.

  4. 4.

    We should stop for before we head out onto the motorway.

20 / underground/tube vs subway

Underground and tube refer to the London rail network, while subway is the standard term for American systems.

Side by side

  • underground/tube

    Not English

    The subterranean railway system in London.

  • subway

    An underground urban railroad in America.

    The New York subway runs twenty-four hours a day for commuters.

Remember

London takes the Tube; New York takes the Subway.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The London football fans posted live updates on their group chat while riding the to the stadium.

  2. 2.

    He missed the last home and had to call a taxi.

  3. 3.

    Remote workers in London often prefer the when meeting colleagues for coffee in the city center.

  4. 4.

    New York commuters often stream their favorite series on mobile devices while traveling on the during rush hour.

21 / crisps vs chips

British crisps are thin, cold potato snacks, while British chips are thick, hot, fried potato strips.

Side by side

  • crisps

    Thin, cold, crunchy potato slices.

    He opened a bag of salt and vinegar crisps during the lunch break.

  • chips

    Thick, hot, fried potato batons.

    We ordered a large portion of chips with our battered fish.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I bought a packet of chips to eat at my desk.Right: I bought a packet of crisps to eat at my desk.

  • Wrong: The steak comes with a side of hot, salty crisps.Right: The steak comes with a side of hot, salty chips.

Remember

Crisps are crunchy; chips are chunky.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    I bought a packet of salty to eat while watching the football match on my phone.

  2. 2.

    We ordered a large portion of hot from the local shop after our evening gym session.

  3. 3.

    The remote worker opened a bag of crunchy during the casual Friday afternoon video call.

  4. 4.

    The pub serves thick-cut with a side of garlic mayonnaise.

  5. 5.

    The children are eating cheese and onion at the picnic.

23 / football vs soccer

Football refers to the world's most popular sport in British English, while soccer is the standard term for that same sport in American English.

Side by side

  • football

    The global game played with feet.

    Millions of fans across Europe watch football every Saturday afternoon.

  • soccer

    The American name for association football.

    Major League Soccer has grown significantly in popularity over the last decade.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I watched a great soccer match at Wembley Stadium in London.Right: I watched a great football match at Wembley Stadium in London.

Remember

Soccer is American; Football is British (unless you're in the US).

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The sports app sent a notification about the latest scores from the league in Los Angeles.

  2. 2.

    The kids are playing at the park after school today.

  3. 3.

    He joined a local club to improve his dribbling skills.

  4. 4.

    American fans used a streaming app to watch the national team compete in the summer tournament.

  5. 5.

    Many Londoners gathered at the local pub to cheer for their favorite club during the final.