Word
sail
US/ˈseɪɫ/
UK/sˈeɪl/
Definitions
01fabric on a boat
A2 · Elementary Countable noun
n. a large piece of strong cloth on a boat that uses the wind to make the boat move.
n. a sheet of fabric, such as canvas or nylon, attached to a mast and spars to catch the wind and propel a vessel.
“The sailors raised the main sail as soon as they left the harbour.”
“The crew struggled to trim the sails effectively as the wind shifted suddenly during the final leg of the regatta.”
02a trip on a boat
B1 · Intermediate Countable noun
n. a short journey or trip in a boat.
n. an excursion or voyage in a sailing vessel or ship.
“We went for a quiet sail around the bay on Sunday afternoon.”
“After a pleasant afternoon sail, the passengers returned to the pier just as the evening fog began to roll in.”
03to travel by boat
A2 · Elementary
v. to travel on water in a ship or boat.
v. to navigate or travel over water in a vessel, whether propelled by wind, steam, or engine.
“They plan to sail across the Atlantic Ocean next summer.”
“The explorer intended to sail around the southern tip of the continent, despite warnings about the treacherous winter currents.”
04to begin a journey
B1 · Intermediate
v. to start a journey by water at a specific time.
v. to depart from a port or begin a maritime voyage; often used intransitively with a time or destination.
“The cruise ship sails at noon, so we must be on board by ten.”
“The fleet is scheduled to sail for the Mediterranean at daybreak, provided the weather conditions remain favourable for the crossing.”
05to move smoothly
B2 · Upper Intermediate
v. to move quickly and smoothly through the air or through a room.
v. to move in a stately, smooth, or effortless manner through the air or across a surface.
“The eagle sailed through the sky without flapping its wings.”
“She sailed into the ballroom with such confidence that every guest stopped talking to watch her entrance.”
06windmill blade
C1 · Advanced Countable noun Technical
n. one of the long flat parts of a windmill that the wind turns.
n. the blade or arm of a windmill designed to catch the wind and generate mechanical power.
“The old wooden windmill had four large sails that turned slowly in the breeze.”
“The restoration project focused on replacing the lattice sails to ensure the windmill could once again grind grain using traditional methods.”
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “sail” in context.
Verb
01. furl sail
“After reaching the docks, they began to furl sail and secure the vessel.”
verb + noun
02. hoist sail
“The sailors prepared to hoist sail as soon as the wind picked up.”
verb + noun
03. lower sail
“We had to lower sail quickly when the storm suddenly approached.”
verb + noun
04. sail billow
“We watched the sail billow in the strong wind as the boat accelerated.”
noun + verb
05. sail flap
“The sail flapped noisily in the wind until the ropes were tightened.”
noun + verb
06. trim sail
“The captain instructed the crew to trim sail to improve the boat's speed.”
verb + noun
Adjective
07. full sail
“The ship moved gracefully across the bay with every full sail catching the breeze.”
adj + noun
08. main sail
“The crew worked together to raise the main sail before leaving the harbor.”
adj + noun
Noun
09. set of sails
“The yacht was equipped with a brand new set of sails for the race.”
noun + prep + noun
10. set sail for
“The explorers set sail for the Americas early in the morning.”
11. take the wind out of sails
“His critical comments really took the wind out of my sails.”
12. under full sail
“The historic tall ship looked magnificent under full sail.”
Etymology
From Middle English saile, sayle, seil, seyl, from Old English seġl, from Proto-West Germanic segl, from Proto-Germanic seglą. Cognate with West Frisian seil, Low German Segel, Dutch zeil, German Segel, Danish sejl, Swedish segel.
From Middle English sailen, saylen, seilen, seilien, from Old English seġlan, siġlan (“to sail”), from Proto-West Germanic siglijan, from siglijaną. Cognate with West Frisian sile, Low German seilen, Dutch zeilen, German segeln, Danish sejle, Swedish segla, Icelandic sigla.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
NOUN
Related words
Idioms
Domains
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
- Frequency
- Common
- Level
- B1 · IntermediateOxford
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/sail