English Reference
verb · noun

wish

v. · n.
US /ˈwɪʃ/ UK /wˈɪʃ/ wish UK spelling wished, wishes, wishing

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    v.to want something to be true or to happen, even though it is impossible or unlikely.

    v.to desire a state of affairs that is contrary to fact or unlikely to occur; typically followed by a clause in the past tense or 'would'.

    Simple

    I wish I could speak Italian so I could talk to my neighbors.

    In context

    Many residents wish the city council would reconsider the demolition of the historic library before construction begins next month.

    Pitfall
    I wish I am taller. I wish I were taller.

    When wishing for something that isn't true right now, use the past tense (or 'were' for the verb 'to be').

    desirelong forhope
  2. 02 B1 Intermediate Formal

    v.to want to do something or to have something happen.

    v.to desire or request to perform an action; often used as a more formal alternative to 'want'.

    Simple

    If you wish to leave the meeting early, please let us know.

    In context

    The passengers who wish to upgrade to business class should proceed to the service desk before boarding commences.

  3. 03 A2 Elementary

    v.to say that you hope someone has a good day, a happy birthday, or success.

    v.to express a hope or a greeting directed toward someone else; functions as a ditransitive verb.

    Simple

    We wished him a happy birthday and gave him a small gift.

    In context

    The outgoing president wished her successor the best of luck in navigating the complex economic challenges ahead.

  4. 04 A2 Elementary

    n.a feeling that you want something to happen.

    n.a desire, longing, or strong inclination for a specific outcome.

    Simple

    It was his father's wish that he should study medicine at university.

    In context

    The charity works tirelessly to fulfill the final wishes of children suffering from terminal illnesses.

  5. 05 B1 Intermediate

    n.a request for something to happen by magic, like when you blow out birthday candles.

    n.an expression of desire often associated with supernatural intervention or ritualistic acts.

    Simple

    Close your eyes, make a wish, and blow out the candles.

    In context

    In the folk tale, the fisherman is granted a single wish by the golden fish he rescued from the net.

Don't confuse

wish vs hope — Hope describes a desire for a possible or likely future, while wish describes a desire for an impossible situation or something contrary to current reality.


From Middle English wisshen, wischen, wüschen, from Old English wȳsċan (“to wish”), from Proto-West Germanic wunskijan, from Proto-Germanic wunskijaną (“to wish”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”). Cognate with Scots wis (“to wish”), Saterland Frisian wonskje (“to wish”), West Frisian winskje (“to wish”), Dutch wensen (“to wish”), German wünschen (“to wish”), Luxembourgish wënschen (“to wish”), Yiddish ווינטשן (vintshn, “to wish”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål ønske (“to wish”), Faroese ynskja (“to wish, to desire”), Icelandic æskja, óska (“to wish”), Norwegian Nynorsk ønskja, ønskje, ønska, ønske, ynskja, ynskje (“to wish, to desire”), Swedish önska (“to wish”). Via PIE cognate with Latin Venus, veneror (“venerate, honour, love”), English wonder.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *wenh₁-
Level A2 · Elementary
Frequency Very common
Updated