ENGLISH
REFERENCE

punish

v.
B1 Intermediate Oxford US //ˈpənɪʃ// UK //pˈʌnɪʃ// pun·ish General-service Informal

v. to make someone suffer or face a penalty because they did something wrong. You do this to teach a lesson or follow a law.

v. to impose a penalty or inflict suffering on someone for an offence or fault. Transitive — requires a direct object representing the person or the action being addressed.


SIMPLE

The teacher will punish students who cheat on the test.

CONTEXTUAL

The judge decided to punish the offender with community service rather than a prison sentence.

COMPLEX

While some parents believe it is necessary to punish minor disobedience, others prefer to use positive reinforcement to encourage better behavior in the future.

Synonyms
Origin

From Middle English punischen, from Anglo-Norman, Old French puniss-, stem of some of the conjugated forms of punir, from Latin puniō (“I inflict punishment upon”), from poena (“punishment, penalty”); see pain. Displaced Old English wītnian and (mostly, in this sense) wrecan.

Usage

The verb is transitive and takes a direct object; often used with 'for' to indicate the reason.

Pitfall

He was punished for his crimes by the police.He was punished for his crimes by the court.Learners often use 'punish' for the act of catching a criminal; however, only an authority like a judge or parent punishes, while police arrest or detain.

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