English Reference
adjective · verb · noun

spare

adj. · v. · n.
US /ˈspɛɹ/ UK /spˈeə/ spare UK spelling spared, spares

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    adj.available to use because it is extra and not currently needed.

    adj.held in reserve as an extra or additional item for use when the primary is unavailable.

    Simple

    We have a spare bedroom if you want to stay the night.

    In context

    The technician kept a spare set of cables in the van to ensure that any hardware failures could be addressed immediately without returning to the warehouse.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Literary

    adj.plain and simple, without any extra decoration or detail.

    adj.characterised by a lack of ornamentation or excess; lean and economical in style.

    Simple

    The poet is known for her spare and beautiful writing style.

    In context

    The architect's spare design relied on the quality of the raw concrete and natural light rather than applied decoration.

  3. 03 B1 Intermediate

    v.to give something to someone because you do not need it yourself.

    v.to manage to give or lend something, such as time or money, without inconvenience.

    Simple

    Can you spare a few minutes to help me with this box?

    In context

    Despite her busy schedule, the professor managed to spare an hour to review the graduate student's preliminary findings.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to not hurt or destroy someone or something when you have the power to do so.

    v.to refrain from harming, punishing, or killing; to allow to go free.

    Simple

    The king decided to spare the prisoner's life at the last moment.

    In context

    The invading army was ordered to spare the historic library, as the general valued the preservation of cultural heritage over total destruction.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to prevent someone from having to experience something difficult or boring.

    v.to save someone from the necessity of doing or experiencing something unpleasant.

    Simple

    I will spare you the boring details of my long commute.

    In context

    The witness was asked to summarise her statement to spare the family the trauma of hearing the graphic details again.

  6. 06 B1 Intermediate

    n.an extra item, like a tyre or a key, kept in case the first one breaks.

    n.a duplicate or replacement part kept in reserve for emergency use.

    Simple

    If you lose your house key, there is a spare under the flowerpot.

    In context

    The driver realised he had a flat tyre but was relieved to find a full-sized spare in the trunk.

  7. 07 B2 Upper Intermediate Sport

    n.knocking down all the pins using two tries in one turn.

    n.the act of knocking down all ten pins with the second ball of a frame.

    Simple

    She got a spare in the final round and won the game.

    In context

    After failing to knock down all the pins with his first delivery, the bowler managed a difficult spare by clipping the remaining pin on the far left.

The Taliban have Afghanistan in a chokehold that spares no one.

The New York Times· 15 Aug 2026

Passengers were told to disembark and spend the night after a spare part needed to be flown in from Dubai.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English spare, spar, from Old English spær (“sparing, scant”), from Proto-Germanic sparaz, from Proto-Indo-European sph₁rós, from the root *speh₁-. Compare Dutch spaar(zaam), German spar(sam) and spär(lich), Swedish spar(sam), Icelandic sparr (“sparing”); also Latin (pro)sperus (“lucky”), Old Church Slavonic споръ (sporŭ, “plentiful”), Albanian shperr (“earn money”), Persian سپار (sepâr, “entrust; deposit”), Ancient Greek σπαρνός (sparnós, “rare”), Sanskrit स्फिर (sphirá, “thick”).

Etymology 2

From Middle English sparen, sparien, from Old English sparian (“to spare, show mercy to, refrain from injuring or destroying”), from Proto-Germanic sparōną, sparāną (“to save, keep, spare”), from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to be productive, earn”). Cognate with Scots spar, spare, spair (“to spare”), West Frisian sparje (“to save, spare”), Dutch sparen (“to save, spare”), German sparen (“to save, conserve, economise”), Swedish spara (“to save, save up”), Icelandic spara (“to save, conserve”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *sph₁rós
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated