English Reference
adjective

benign

adj.
US /bɪˈnaɪn/ UK /bɪnˈaɪn/ be·nign

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    kind, gentle, and not likely to hurt anyone.

    of a mild, kind, or gentle disposition; showing a lack of hostility.

    Simple

    The old man had a benign smile that made the children feel safe.

    In context

    Despite his imposing physical presence, the professor possessed a benign temperament that encouraged even the most timid students to participate in class discussions.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Medicine

    not dangerous to your health; specifically, a growth that is not cancer.

    not malignant; describing a tumour or condition that does not invade surrounding tissue or spread throughout the body.

    Simple

    The doctor called with the good news that the lump was benign.

    In context

    The biopsy results confirmed that the growth was benign, significantly relieving the patient's anxiety regarding the necessity of aggressive chemotherapy.

    Usage

    Usually used to describe tumours, growths, or test results.

    non malignantharmless
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Academic

    mild and pleasant, especially when talking about weather or effects.

    having a kindly or favourable effect; mild in influence or climate.

    Simple

    The island enjoys a benign climate with warm sun and gentle breezes.

    In context

    Economists argued that the benign market conditions of the previous decade were unlikely to persist in the face of rising interest rates.

  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    not harmful to the environment.

    having little or no detrimental impact on the natural environment.

    Simple

    The company is looking for a more benign way to dispose of its waste.

    In context

    The research team focused on developing environmentally benign polymers that would degrade naturally without releasing toxic by-products into the soil.

    Usage

    Often appears in the compound 'environmentally benign'.

    eco friendlyharmless

They studied the movement of cells from benign tumors and cells of increasing malignancy.

Phys.org· 14 Aug 2026

The self-discovery that travel can bring is not always benign.

The Guardian· 11 Aug 2026

From Middle English benigne, benygne, from Old French benigne, from Latin benignus (“kind, good”), from bene (“well”) + genus (“origin, kind”). Compare malign.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin benignus
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated