ENGLISH
REFERENCE

harsh

adj.
C1 Advanced Oxford US //ˈhɑɹʃ// UK //hˈɑːʃ// harsh Slang

adj. unpleasant, cruel, or very strict. You use it to describe things like cold weather, loud sounds, or a person being too mean.

adj. unpleasantly rough, jarring, or severe in effect. When applied to social conduct, it describes a lack of leniency or an excess of critical rigor.


SIMPLE

The winter wind feels very harsh today.

CONTEXTUAL

The manager's harsh criticism during the meeting made the new employee feel quite discouraged.

COMPLEX

While the landscape appears beautiful from a distance, the harsh reality of the desert climate makes survival difficult for any species not specifically adapted to extreme aridity.

Synonyms
Antonyms
Origin

From Middle English harsk, harisk(e), hask(e), herris. Century derived the term from Old Norse harskr (whence Danish harsk (“rancid”), dialectal Norwegian hersk, Swedish härsk); the Middle English Dictionary derives it from that and Middle Low German harsch (“rough”, literally “hairy”) (whence also German harsch), from haer (“hair”), from Old Saxon hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār; the Oxford Dictionary of English derives it from Middle Low German alone.

Usage

Commonly modifies nouns related to sensory input (light, sound) or social judgment (criticism, punishment).

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