Word
dog
US/ˈdɔɡ/
UK/dˈɒɡ/
Definitions
01the animal
A1 · Beginner Countable noun
n. a common animal with four legs and a tail, often kept as a pet or used for work.
n. a domesticated carnivorous mammal of the family Canidae, typically kept as a pet, for guarding, or for hunting.
Español:perro
“The neighbor's dog barks every time someone walks past the garden gate.”
“While some breeds are specifically developed for their tracking abilities, the common domestic dog primarily serves as a companion in urban environments.”
02something of poor quality
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Informal
n. something that is a failure or does not work well.
n. an item, project, or investment that performs poorly or is of noticeably inferior quality.
“That old car was a total dog and broke down every week.”
“The studio realized the film was a dog long before its release, but they were already committed to a massive marketing campaign.”
03a person
C1 · Advanced Countable noun Slang · Informal
n. a way to describe a person, often used between friends or as an insult.
n. a term of address for a man, ranging from affectionate camaraderie to a derogatory description of an unattractive or contemptible person.
“What's up, dog? I haven't seen you since the summer.”
“He was known as a lucky dog in the office, always managing to secure the best accounts without much apparent effort.”
04feet
C2 · Proficiency Plural noun Informal · Slang
n. a slang word for your feet.
n. a plural slang reference to human feet.
“My dogs are barking after walking around the city all day.”
“After twelve hours on the hospital floor, the nurse sat down and complained that her dogs were killing her.”
Synonyms
05mechanical tool
C1 · Advanced Countable noun Technical
n. a metal tool or part used to hold something in place.
n. a mechanical device, such as a heavy metal hook or bar, used for gripping, fastening, or holding an object.
“The worker used a steel dog to secure the hatch on the ship.”
“The carpenter engaged the bench dog to hold the timber steady while he planed the surface to a smooth finish.”
06to follow closely
B2 · Upper Intermediate
v. to follow someone closely and persistently, often in a way that is annoying.
v. to follow or track someone or something persistently and relentlessly.
“Rumors of the scandal continued to dog the politician throughout the election.”
“Technical failures continued to dog the project, eventually forcing the lead engineer to request a complete redesign of the cooling system.”
07very bad
C1 · Advanced Slang
adj. of very poor quality; bad.
adj. denoting something of extremely low quality or standard.
“That was a dog performance and the audience hated it.”
“The critics dismissed the play as a dog production, citing the amateurish set design and the lead actor's wooden delivery.”
Real-World Examples
“A dog named Archer helped rescue himself on Sunday along the Border Highway.” “LUSAKA, Sept 15 (Reuters) - African wild dogs can travel more than 4,000 km (2,500 miles) across the continent to find mates, according to new research that suggests the endangered species' surviving populations are more interconnected than previously thought.” “Dogs have been loyal companions to people since we made them our first domesticated animals, descending long ago from gray wolves - though precisely when, where and why have remained unanswered.” Etymology
From Old English dogga and docga, of uncertain origin, with the diminutive suffix -ga (compare frocga, "frog"). The base dog- or doc- may connect to dox ("dark, swarthy"), or to Proto-West Germanic dugan ("to be suitable"), or to docce ("stock, muscle") from Proto-West Germanic dokkā ("round mass"). The original sense appears to have been a common or stocky dog, as opposed to a well-bred hound.
In 14th-century England, hound remained the general term for domestic canines; dog specified a mastiff-like type. By the 16th century the hierarchy had reversed: dog became the default word, while hound narrowed to hunting breeds. Continental European languages adopted dog as their term for mastiff around the same period.
The Mbabaram word dog, despite surface resemblance, is not related.
Clipping of dogshit.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
NOUN
Related words
Idioms
01. buy a dog and bark oneself
03. cat and dog life
04. dog and cat
06. dog around
07. dog in the hunt
09. dog my cats
Show all 40
12. dog's breakfast
13. dog's chance
14. dog's life
17. go to the dogs
18. hair of the dog
19. help a lame dog over a stile
20. junkyard dog
25. lucky dog
26. not enough to hang a dog on
28. pelt of the dog
29. prairie dog
30. put on the dog
35. the whole world and his dog
37. top dog
38. wag the dog
39. walk the dog
40. work like a dog
Domains
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224
- Frequency
- Very common
- Level
- A1 · BeginnerOxford
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/dog
Traducciones: Kaikki.org (Wiktionary), CC BY-SA 4.0