English Reference

Phrasal verb

give up

Definitions

01to stop trying

A2

phr.v. to stop trying to do something because it is too difficult.

phr.v. to admit defeat or cease making an effort; often used intransitively when a person stops a task due to frustration or exhaustion.

“I couldn't solve the puzzle, so I decided to give up after an hour.”

“After several failed attempts to repair the engine, the mechanic finally had to give up and suggest a total replacement.”

Usage

often used without an object

Teaching tip

Learners often confuse this with 'give in', which specifically means to agree to something you didn't want to do.

Synonyms

quitsurrenderadmit defeat

Antonyms

persistcontinuekeep going

02to quit a habit

A2

phr.v. to stop doing something that you do regularly, especially a bad habit.

phr.v. to cease a habitual activity or the consumption of a particular substance.

“My father gave up smoking ten years ago for his health.”

“She decided to give up sugar for a month to see if it would improve her energy levels during the day.”

Usage

takes a noun or a gerund (-ing form) as an object

Pitfall

He gave up to smoke last year.

He gave up smoking last year.

When 'give up' is followed by another verb, that verb must be in the -ing form.

Synonyms

Antonyms

starttake up

03to surrender something

B1

phr.v. to allow someone else to have something that was yours.

phr.v. to relinquish possession or control of something, often under pressure or as a sacrifice.

“He had to give up his seat on the bus to an elderly woman.”

“The rebels were forced to give up their weapons as part of the peace agreement signed last week.”

Usage

transitive; the object can go between 'give' and 'up' if it is a pronoun

Antonyms

04to lose hope in someone

B2

phr.v. to stop believing that someone will improve or be found.

phr.v. to cease to expect that someone will act in a certain way or that a missing person will be recovered.

“Don't give up on him yet; he just needs a little more time to learn.”

“The search party refused to give up on the missing hikers despite the worsening weather conditions.”

Usage

usually takes the preposition 'on'

Teaching tip

This sense carries a strong emotional weight, suggesting a final loss of faith or patience.

Synonyms

despair oflose faith in

Teaching tip

Contrast the intransitive use ('I give up!') with the transitive use ('He gave up his dream'), noting the verb is separable ('He gave it up').

Phrasal verb

Particles

up

Separability

separable

Pattern

give + up + object

Synonyms

Antonyms

Related words

Grammar

This entry

Level
A2 · Elementary
Frequency
Very common
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference