English Reference

Word

barren

Phoneticsbar·ren, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈbæɹən/

UK/bˈæɹən/

Definitions

01land/soil

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. describing land that is too poor for plants or crops to grow on.

adj. referring to land or soil that is infertile and incapable of producing vegetation.

“The explorers struggled to find water in the barren desert.”

“The volcanic landscape remained barren for decades before the first hardy lichens began to colonise the cooling rock.”

Antonyms

02empty or lacking

C1 · Advanced Literary

adj. completely lacking in something, such as interest, ideas, or life.

adj. devoid of something specified; lacking in interest, attraction, or substance.

“The room was barren of any furniture except for a single wooden chair.”

“His early novels were criticized for being barren of emotional depth, focusing instead on technical descriptions of machinery.”

Usage

Usually followed by the preposition 'of'.

Antonyms

03unproductive

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. not producing any useful results or success.

adj. fruitless or unprofitable; failing to produce a desired result or effect.

“After hours of barren discussion, the committee still had no plan.”

“The team endured a barren spell of fifteen games without a single goal, leading to the manager's eventual dismissal.”

04unable to have children

C1 · Advanced Medicine Formal

adj. unable to produce children or young.

adj. biologically incapable of producing offspring or fruit.

“The old stories tell of a queen who was barren and prayed for a child.”

“The orchard remained barren for three seasons due to a persistent fungal infection that destroyed the blossoms before they could set fruit.”

Teaching tip

In modern medical contexts, 'infertile' is preferred; 'barren' can sound insensitive or dated when referring to people.

Synonyms

Antonyms

05desolate land

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Technical · American English

n. a large area of poor land where only small bushes or grass can grow.

n. an expanse of relatively infertile land, often elevated, that supports only stunted vegetation.

“They hiked across the pine barrens for two days without seeing another person.”

“The coastal barrens are home to a unique variety of shrubs that have adapted to the salty winds and nutrient-poor soil.”

Real-World Examples

“Every sky is overcast, every tree barren, every path sodden with puddles.”
The Guardian 7 Oct 2026
“Even if the caves are barren of life, they could be attractive bases for future human explorers .”
Phys.org 19 Sept 2026

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

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English Reference