English Reference
noun · verb

poison

n. · v.
US /ˈpɔɪzən/ UK /pˈɔɪzən/ poi·son UK spelling poisons

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    n.a substance that causes illness or death if it enters the body.

    n.a substance that, through its chemical action, usually kills, injures, or impairs an organism.

    Simple

    The label on the bottle had a skull to show it contained poison.

    In context

    The forensic report confirmed that the victim had ingested a lethal dose of a rare organic poison shortly before collapsing.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.something that has a very bad or harmful effect on a person or situation.

    n.an object, influence, or idea that is destructive or corrupting to the mind or a social environment.

    Simple

    Jealousy can be a poison that destroys even the strongest friendships.

    In context

    The spread of misinformation acted as a poison within the community, eroding trust in local institutions and creating deep social divisions.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced InformalHumorous

    n.a humorous way to refer to an alcoholic drink.

    n.a slang reference to an alcoholic beverage, typically used when offering a choice of drinks.

    Simple

    Step up to the bar and name your poison.

    In context

    After a long week at the office, he turned to his colleague and asked, 'What's your poison tonight?'

    Teacher's tip

    This is almost exclusively used in the fixed phrases 'name your poison' or 'what's your poison' in social settings.

  4. 04 B1 Intermediate

    v.to kill or harm a person or animal using a toxic substance.

    v.to administer poison to a person or animal; to kill or injure by means of a toxin.

    Simple

    The king was afraid that his enemies would try to poison his food.

    In context

    The assassin attempted to poison the diplomat by coating the handle of the car door with a fast-acting nerve agent.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to make a situation or someone's mind bad or hateful.

    v.to corrupt or pervert the character or quality of something; to embitter a person's mind.

    Simple

    Don't let his lies poison your opinion of the rest of the team.

    In context

    The constant stream of negative propaganda served to poison the minds of the youth against their neighbours.

  6. 06 B2 Upper Intermediate Science

    v.to make a place, like a river or the air, dirty and dangerous.

    v.to contaminate an environment with harmful substances.

    Simple

    Chemicals from the old factory continued to poison the local river for years.

    In context

    Industrial runoff began to poison the groundwater, leading to a significant decline in the health of the local ecosystem.

    cleandecontaminate
  7. 07 C1 Advanced Technical Computing

    v.to put false information into a computer system to break it.

    v.to introduce malicious or false data into a cache or database to subvert a system's operations.

    Simple

    The hackers tried to poison the server's cache to redirect users to a fake website.

    In context

    DNS cache poisoning remains a significant threat, as it allows attackers to intercept traffic by providing false IP addresses to legitimate requests.


From Middle English poysoun, poyson, pusoun, from Old French poison, poisun, from Latin pōtiōnem (“drink, a draught, a poisonous draught, a potion”), from pōtō (“I drink”). See also potion and potable (from the same root). Mostly displaced native Old English ātor. See more at atter.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin pōtio
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated