English Reference

00 / Confusables

Adjectives

Bored and boring, sensible and sensitive: how you feel against what caused it.

21sets

01 / bored vs boring

Bored is the feeling inside a person; boring is the quality of the thing that causes that feeling.

Side by side

  • bored

    how a person feels when uninterested

    The students were so bored that they started drawing in their notebooks.

  • boring

    something that is not interesting

    That three-hour meeting was the most boring event of my entire week.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I didn't finish the movie because I was very boring.Right: I didn't finish the movie because I was very bored.

  • Wrong: The lecture was so bored that half the class fell asleep.Right: The lecture was so boring that half the class fell asleep.

Remember

Bored = The Person. Boring = The Problem.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    If the plot of a streaming series is too people usually stop watching after one episode.

  2. 2.

    I get whenever I have to wait for the bus without my phone.

  3. 3.

    He stopped reading the book because the main character was too .

  4. 4.

    The three hour video call about the new database structure was incredibly for the whole team.

  5. 5.

    Many players felt during the long server maintenance because they could not access the game.

02 / interested vs interesting

Interested describes the person who feels the emotion, while interesting describes the thing that causes the emotion.

Side by side

  • interested

    the person feeling the emotion

    She is very interested in learning more about ancient history.

  • interesting

    the thing causing the emotion

    The documentary provided an interesting perspective on the global economy.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am very interesting in this new job opportunity.Right: I am very interested in this new job opportunity.

  • Wrong: The lecture was very interested and the students paid attention.Right: The lecture was very interesting and the students paid attention.

Remember

-ed is how I feel; -ing is the thing.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Are you in joining us for dinner this evening?

  2. 2.

    The new documentary about electric car technology provides many facts about battery life.

  3. 3.

    Most fans were to see how the young striker would perform during the championship match.

  4. 4.

    It is that the two results are so different.

  5. 5.

    The HR manager is in hiring candidates who have experience with remote collaboration tools.

03 / excited vs exciting

Excited is the internal feeling a person has, while exciting is the external quality that causes that feeling.

Side by side

  • excited

    feeling eager or enthusiastic

    The children are so excited about the trip to the zoo tomorrow morning.

  • exciting

    causing feelings of interest or enthusiasm

    Living in a new city is an exciting experience for most young professionals.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am very exciting to start my new job next Monday.Right: I am very excited to start my new job next Monday.

  • Wrong: The movie was so excited that I couldn't look away from the screen.Right: The movie was so exciting that I couldn't look away from the screen.

Remember

-ed = I feel; -ing = It is.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Finding a new remote job with a flexible schedule is an opportunity for many modern professionals.

  2. 2.

    She felt when she received the invitation to the international conference.

  3. 3.

    The final minutes of the championship match were so that no one in the stadium sat down.

  4. 4.

    Most gamers are very about the upcoming release of the new open world adventure sequel.

  5. 5.

    The final minutes of the championship game were incredibly for the fans.

04 / tired vs tiring

Tired describes the person feeling the fatigue, while tiring describes the activity that causes it.

Side by side

  • tired

    feeling a need for rest

    The long flight left the entire crew feeling exhausted and tired.

  • tiring

    causing exhaustion or fatigue

    Hiking up the mountain proved to be a tiring ordeal for the beginners.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I worked for twelve hours today and now I am very tiring.Right: I worked for twelve hours today and now I am very tired.

  • Wrong: The marathon was very tired for all of the runners.Right: The marathon was very tiring for all of the runners.

Remember

Tired is how I feel; tiring is the job's appeal.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    She was too to cook dinner after working a double shift.

  2. 2.

    Editing high resolution video files on a small screen is a task for many remote editors.

  3. 3.

    Correcting hundreds of student essays is a repetitive and task.

  4. 4.

    Many fans felt after staying up late to watch the championship match on a live stream.

  5. 5.

    The long commute through heavy city traffic is often more than the actual workday itself.

05 / surprised vs surprising

Surprised is the feeling a person has; surprising is the quality of the thing that caused it.

Side by side

  • surprised

    how someone feels when something unexpected happens

    She was surprised to see her old friend standing at the front door.

  • surprising

    a thing or event that causes wonder

    It is surprising that the team lost after leading for the whole game.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I was very surprising when I heard the news.Right: I was very surprised when I heard the news.

  • Wrong: The results of the test were quite surprised.Right: The results of the test were quite surprising.

Remember

-ed = I feel it. -ing = It is that way.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The fitness influencer felt after seeing how many followers joined the live morning workout.

  2. 2.

    We were by the sudden change in the weather this morning.

  3. 3.

    Most commuters were when the electric bus arrived ten minutes earlier than the app predicted.

  4. 4.

    The season finale of the streaming series had a twist that nobody in the chat expected.

  5. 5.

    The most part of the movie was the ending no one expected.

06 / confused vs confusing

Confused describes the person feeling the emotion, while confusing describes the thing causing that feeling.

Side by side

  • confused

    the feeling of being unsure

    I was so confused by the new map that I got lost twice.

  • confusing

    something that is hard to understand

    The instructions for this IKEA desk are incredibly confusing and lack clear diagrams.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I am confusing about which bus I need to take to the airport.Right: I am confused about which bus I need to take to the airport.

  • Wrong: The lecture was very confused and nobody took any notes.Right: The lecture was very confusing and nobody took any notes.

Remember

-ed = how I feel; -ing = what it is.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The latest software update for the fitness app has a very layout for tracking daily steps.

  2. 2.

    Most fans were by the sudden plot twist in the final episode of the streaming series.

  3. 3.

    Navigating the new electric car charging station can be for drivers who are used to petrol.

  4. 4.

    It is when the traffic lights flash yellow for no apparent reason.

  5. 5.

    She looked when the waiter started speaking in a different language.

07 / frightened vs frightening

Frightened describes the person feeling the emotion, while frightening describes the thing that causes the emotion.

Side by side

  • frightened

    feeling fear or anxiety

    The small child was frightened by the loud thunder during the storm.

  • frightening

    causing fear or terror

    Walking home alone at midnight can be a frightening experience for anyone.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I didn't want to watch the horror movie because I was frightening.Right: I didn't want to watch the horror movie because I was frightened.

  • Wrong: The sudden noise from the basement was very frightened.Right: The sudden noise from the basement was very frightening.

Remember

Frightened = Feeling; Frightening = Feature.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Many residents felt when the severe storm caused a sudden blackout across the entire city last night.

  2. 2.

    The movie featured a monster that lived under the stairs.

  3. 3.

    She felt when she realized she was lost in the dark woods.

  4. 4.

    The sudden drop in the stock market after the news was a truly experience for new investors.

  5. 5.

    The horror film featured a scene where a digital ghost appeared during a routine video call.

08 / embarrassed vs embarrassing

Embarrassed is the internal feeling of shame; embarrassing is the external quality that causes it.

Side by side

  • embarrassed

    feeling self-conscious or ashamed

    He felt deeply embarrassed when he realized his shirt was on backward.

  • embarrassing

    causing a feeling of shame

    It was an embarrassing mistake that cost the company a lot of money.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I was so embarrassing when I spilled my coffee on the boss.Right: I was so embarrassed when I spilled my coffee on the boss.

  • Wrong: The silence in the room was very embarrassed for everyone.Right: The silence in the room was very embarrassing for everyone.

Remember

Embarrassed = How I feel. Embarrassing = Why I feel it.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    Accidentally sending a private message to the entire group chat was a truly moment for the gamer.

  2. 2.

    The athlete felt when their fitness app shared a very slow run with all their followers.

  3. 3.

    Tripping on stage was the most moment of my entire life.

  4. 4.

    She was too to admit she had forgotten his name.

  5. 5.

    It was when the video call froze while the manager was making a strange face during the meeting.

09 / annoyed vs annoying

Annoyed describes the person feeling the emotion, while annoying describes the thing or person causing it.

Side by side

  • annoyed

    feeling bothered or irritated by something

    She was visibly annoyed when the meeting started twenty minutes late.

  • annoying

    causing irritation or nuisance to others

    The constant dripping of the kitchen faucet is becoming very annoying.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I was very annoying because the train was delayed again.Right: I was very annoyed because the train was delayed again.

  • Wrong: That loud music next door is so annoyed I cannot sleep.Right: That loud music next door is so annoying I cannot sleep.

Remember

-ed is how I feel; -ing is the thing.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    It is to realize I left my keys at the office again.

  2. 2.

    Finding a charging station that actually works is the most part of owning an electric car.

  3. 3.

    The constant stream of notifications from the group chat became very during the movie.

  4. 4.

    Most players felt when the server crashed right before the final boss died.

  5. 5.

    He gets if you interrupt him while he is reading the news.

10 / alone vs lonely

Alone is the physical state of being by yourself; lonely is the emotional pain of feeling disconnected.

Side by side

  • alone

    Physically by yourself, without others present.

    She prefers to study alone in the library where it is quiet.

  • lonely

    Sadness caused by a lack of company.

    Moving to a new city made him feel lonely for the first month.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I felt very alone after all my friends moved away to college.Right: I felt very lonely after all my friends moved away to college.

Remember

Alone is a count of people; lonely is a feeling in the heart.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The pilot flew the small plane across the entire Atlantic Ocean.

  2. 2.

    The marathon runner crossed the finish line while the rest of the pack was far behind.

  3. 3.

    The software engineer prefers to work in a quiet home office to maintain deep focus.

  4. 4.

    You can feel even when you are standing in a crowded room.

  5. 5.

    He felt despite being in a large group chat with hundreds of active participants.

11 / asleep vs sleepy

Asleep describes the state of being in slumber, while sleepy describes the physical urge or desire to begin sleeping.

Side by side

  • asleep

    currently in a state of slumber

    The baby was finally asleep after hours of crying in the nursery.

  • sleepy

    feeling tired or ready for bed

    I always feel sleepy after eating a heavy lunch in the afternoon.

Watch out

  • Wrong: Don't wake him up while he is sleepy in his bed.Right: Don't wake him up while he is asleep in his bed.

  • Wrong: I am very asleep because I stayed up late last night.Right: I am very sleepy because I stayed up late last night.

Remember

Asleep is the destination; sleepy is the journey there.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The fitness app tracked his heart rate and confirmed he was by midnight.

  2. 2.

    She fell during the video call because her remote working schedule was exhausting.

  3. 3.

    The children were getting , so we started their bedtime routine early.

  4. 4.

    He fell fast on the sofa while the movie was still playing.

  5. 5.

    Watching the long documentary on climate change made the students feel very .

12 / awake vs waking

Awake describes a state of consciousness, while waking describes the transition out of sleep or the time spent conscious.

Side by side

  • awake

    conscious and not currently sleeping

    The baby was wide awake and ready to play at three in the morning.

  • waking

    the act of regaining consciousness

    The sudden sound of the alarm was waking everyone in the house.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I have been waking for two hours already.Right: I have been awake for two hours already.

  • Wrong: The loud thunder was awake me in the middle of the night.Right: The loud thunder was waking me in the middle of the night.

Remember

Awake is the state; waking is the change.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    I stayed all night finishing the final report for my manager.

  2. 2.

    The fitness app tracked how many hours the marathon runner remained after the night race.

  3. 3.

    Many fans stayed until dawn to watch the live stream of the international gaming tournament.

  4. 4.

    He spends every hour thinking about how to improve his business.

  5. 5.

    Remote workers often spend their hours toggling between video calls and project management software.

13 / sensible vs sensitive

Sensible describes a person's logic and judgment, while sensitive describes their emotional or physical responsiveness.

Side by side

  • sensible

    showing good judgment and practical wisdom

    It would be sensible to check the weather forecast before booking the flight.

  • sensitive

    easily affected by emotions or physical stimuli

    He is very sensitive to criticism and takes every comment to heart.

Watch out

  • Wrong: It is not very sensitive to drive home in this heavy snowstorm.Right: It is not very sensible to drive home in this heavy snowstorm.

  • Wrong: The film is a sensible portrayal of a young girl's first heartbreak.Right: The film is a sensitive portrayal of a young girl's first heartbreak.

Remember

Sensible = Sense. Sensitive = Sentiments.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    It is usually more to charge your electric car overnight when the electricity rates are much lower.

  2. 2.

    She made a decision to save her bonus instead of spending it.

  3. 3.

    Apply a high-factor sunscreen if you have skin that burns easily.

  4. 4.

    The new fitness app uses a highly sensor to track small changes in your daily heart rate.

  5. 5.

    Wearing a pair of shoes is essential if you plan to spend the whole day walking around the city.

14 / economic vs economical

Economic describes the system of trade and finance, while economical describes saving money or resources.

Side by side

  • economic

    Relating to a country's financial system.

    The government is implementing new economic policies to reduce the national debt.

  • economical

    Using money or time efficiently.

    Buying a smaller car is much more economical for a daily city commute.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The country is facing a severe economical crisis this year.Right: The country is facing a severe economic crisis this year.

  • Wrong: It is more economic to buy the bulk pack of laundry detergent.Right: It is more economical to buy the bulk pack of laundry detergent.

Remember

Economic = The Economy. Economical = Efficient.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    This new heating system is highly and will lower your monthly utility bills.

  2. 2.

    Many gamers worry that the current climate will lead to higher prices for new console releases.

  3. 3.

    Global growth has slowed down significantly over the last two fiscal quarters.

  4. 4.

    Switching to an electric car is often more for drivers who commute long distances every day.

  5. 5.

    The rise of remote work has caused a major shift in how city centers function today.

15 / historic vs historical

Historic describes something famous or important in history, while historical describes anything related to the past.

Side by side

  • historic

    Famous or important in history.

    The two nations signed a historic peace treaty to end the long war.

  • historical

    Relating to the past.

    The library contains many historical documents from the nineteenth century.

Watch out

  • Wrong: Winning the championship for the first time was a historical moment for the city.Right: Winning the championship for the first time was a historic moment for the city.

  • Wrong: The professor published a paper on historic trends in European migration.Right: The professor published a paper on historical trends in European migration.

Remember

Historic = Famous. Historical = Related to history.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    We stood on the balcony where the speech was first delivered.

  2. 2.

    Climate activists gathered in the city center to witness the signing of a agreement on carbon emissions.

  3. 3.

    The stadium erupted when the team secured a victory in the final minutes of the championship match.

  4. 4.

    This new streaming series uses documents to recreate the daily lives of people in the nineteenth century.

  5. 5.

    She enjoys reading fiction set during the French Revolution.

16 / classic vs classical

Classic describes a high-quality or typical example, while classical relates to traditional styles or ancient history.

Side by side

  • classic

    A perfect or typical example.

    The designer paired a classic white shirt with modern trousers for the show.

  • classical

    Relating to ancient culture or tradition.

    She studied classical architecture to understand the foundations of modern building design.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The car broke down in a classical case of engine overheating.Right: The car broke down in a classic case of engine overheating.

  • Wrong: He prefers listening to classic music while he studies in the library.Right: He prefers listening to classical music while he studies in the library.

Remember

Classic = Classy example. Classical = Classically old.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The orchestra will perform several pieces during the summer festival.

  2. 2.

    She listens to a playlist on her fitness app to help her focus during her morning run.

  3. 3.

    His latest post on the social network is a example of how viral trends start overnight.

  4. 4.

    That movie is a example of nineties cinema and remains very popular.

  5. 5.

    The director used a horror movie trope in the final scene of the new streaming series.

17 / comprehensive vs comprehensible

Comprehensive covers everything in a set; comprehensible is simply easy to understand.

Side by side

  • comprehensive

    Including all necessary facts or details.

    The insurance policy offers comprehensive coverage for all types of accidental damage.

  • comprehensible

    Able to be understood; intelligible.

    His accent was thick, but his speech was still comprehensible to the audience.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The textbook provides a comprehensible overview of European history from 1800.Right: The textbook provides a comprehensive overview of European history from 1800.

  • Wrong: The legal jargon in this contract is not very comprehensive.Right: The legal jargon in this contract is not very comprehensible.

Remember

Comprehensive = Complete. Comprehensible = Clear.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The streaming service offers a library of classic films from the early twentieth century.

  2. 2.

    The fitness app provides a breakdown of your daily activity and heart rate trends.

  3. 3.

    The manual for the new electric car makes the complex charging settings easily for beginners.

  4. 4.

    The instructions must be to someone with no prior technical knowledge.

  5. 5.

    We need a list of every student currently enrolled in the program.

18 / considerable vs considerate

Considerable describes the size or importance of a thing, while considerate describes the kindness of a person.

Side by side

  • considerable

    Large in size, amount, or importance.

    The renovation project required a considerable amount of time and money to complete.

  • considerate

    Thinking of other people's feelings.

    It was very considerate of you to bring extra water for everyone.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The company made a considerate profit during the last fiscal quarter.Right: The company made a considerable profit during the last fiscal quarter.

  • Wrong: He is a very considerable person who always helps his friends.Right: He is a very considerate person who always helps his friends.

Remember

Considerable = Big. Considerate = Kind.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    A neighbor avoids playing loud music late at night.

  2. 2.

    It is to use headphones while watching a streaming series on the train during the morning rush.

  3. 3.

    Our group chat remains a positive space because everyone is of each other's busy work schedules.

  4. 4.

    The new electric car model has gained popularity among commuters looking to reduce their carbon footprint.

  5. 5.

    There is evidence suggesting that the new policy will improve productivity.

19 / confident vs confidential

Confident describes a person's self-assurance, while confidential describes information that must be kept secret.

Side by side

  • confident

    Feeling sure of oneself or success.

    She felt confident that her presentation would impress the board members.

  • confidential

    Intended to be kept private.

    Please ensure these confidential documents are locked in the safe tonight.

Watch out

  • Wrong: He is very confidential about his ability to pass the exam.Right: He is very confident about his ability to pass the exam.

  • Wrong: The manager told me some confident information about the upcoming layoffs.Right: The manager told me some confidential information about the upcoming layoffs.

Remember

Confident is a feeling; confidential is a secret.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    The lawyer reminded his client that their conversation was strictly .

  2. 2.

    The HR manager sent a email regarding the new remote work policy to all employees.

  3. 3.

    Users must agree not to share data found within the beta version of the gaming app.

  4. 4.

    The young striker looked as he stepped up to take the decisive penalty in the final.

  5. 5.

    The athlete walked onto the field with a and relaxed stride.

20 / continual vs continuous

Continual describes things that happen again and again with breaks in between, while continuous describes things that never stop.

Side by side

  • continual

    Happening frequently or repeatedly over time.

    The project suffered from continual delays that pushed back the final deadline.

  • continuous

    Forming an unbroken whole without interruption.

    The eagle's flight was a continuous glide across the entire valley.

Watch out

  • Wrong: The continuous ringing of the doorbell every few minutes woke the baby.Right: The continual ringing of the doorbell every few minutes woke the baby.

  • Wrong: The movie provides two hours of continual action from start to finish.Right: The movie provides two hours of continuous action from start to finish.

Remember

Continual = recurring. Continuous = constant.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    I am getting tired of your complaints about the office temperature.

  2. 2.

    He muted the group chat to avoid the pings from his friends during the film.

  3. 3.

    The livestream provided a feed of the city skyline throughout the entire night.

  4. 4.

    Electric cars require a flow of power from the battery to maintain high speeds.

  5. 5.

    A line of cars stretched for miles down the highway.

21 / sympathetic vs empathetic

Sympathetic means you feel pity for someone's hardship; empathetic means you actually share and understand their internal feelings.

Side by side

  • sympathetic

    Feeling pity or sorrow for others.

    The manager was sympathetic to his staff after the long overtime shifts.

  • empathetic

    Sharing another person's emotional state.

    Nurses must be empathetic to understand the pain their patients experience.

Watch out

  • Wrong: I felt very empathetic for the victims of the earthquake on the news.Right: I felt very sympathetic for the victims of the earthquake on the news.

  • Wrong: A therapist needs to be sympathetic to help clients process deep trauma.Right: A therapist needs to be empathetic to help clients process deep trauma.

Remember

Sympathy is feeling for; empathy is feeling with.

Quick check

Fill the gap with one of the two options.

  1. 1.

    I sent a message to the group chat after our captain missed the final penalty.

  2. 2.

    The fitness app coach seems truly when users struggle to finish a difficult morning workout.

  3. 3.

    She sent a card to her neighbor following the funeral.

  4. 4.

    He is an listener who truly feels what his friends are going through.

  5. 5.

    A good therapist remains during video calls to ensure the client feels understood and heard.