English Reference

Word

human

Phoneticshu·man, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈhjumən/

UK/hjˈuːmən/

Definitions

01a person

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Science

n. a person, rather than an animal, a machine, or a god.

n. an individual of the species Homo sapiens. Often used in contrast to animals, artificial intelligence, or supernatural beings.

“The study looks at how humans and dogs have lived together for thousands of years.”

“The ethical implications of gene editing in humans remain a subject of intense debate among scientists and philosophers alike.”

Antonyms

02relating to people

A2 · Elementary

adj. belonging to or describing people.

adj. of, relating to, or characteristic of people or humankind.

“The doctor said that making mistakes is just part of the human experience.”

“The disaster was caused by a combination of mechanical failure and human error during the emergency procedure.”

Synonyms

mortalhominid

Antonyms

03showing kindness

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. showing the better qualities of people, like kindness or understanding.

adj. showing the better qualities of humankind, such as compassion, sympathy, or fallibility.

“The manager seemed much more human after he talked about his own struggles.”

“By admitting his own past failures, the CEO appeared more human and relatable to the junior staff members.”

Antonyms

04the language of people

C1 · Advanced Uncountable noun Humorous

n. the language that people speak, often used when joking about animals or aliens.

n. the language supposedly spoken by humans, typically used in a humorous or science-fiction context from a non-human perspective.

“My cat looks at me as if he understands human, but he just wants food.”

“In the satirical novel, the alien visitor struggled to master 'human', finding our idioms and metaphors entirely illogical.”

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “human” in context.

01. human fridges' 02. expenditure human 03. human ability 04. human action 05. human activity 06. human agency 07. human behaviour 08. human being 09. human rights 10. human beings 11. human work 12. human remains

Etymology

Etymology tree Latin hūmānus Old French umain Middle French humainbor. Middle English humayne English human From Late Middle English humaigne, humayne, humain, from Middle French humain, from Old French humain, umain (“of or belonging to man”, adjective), from Latin hūmānus m (“of man, human”, adjective); see there for further details. Spelling human has been predominant since the early 18th century. Compare, and possibly related to man.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Related words

Idioms

Domains

BiologyMythology

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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English Reference