Verb pairs
Lie and lay, rise and raise: verbs that differ by what they take as an object.
lie vs lay
Lie is an intransitive action where a person or thing reclines, while lay is a transitive action that requires a direct object being placed down.
To recline or remain in a flat position.
I usually lie on the sofa for an hour after I get home from work.
To put or place something down carefully.
Please lay the fragile packages on the table near the front door.
-
I am going to lay down for a quick nap before dinner.
I am going to lie down for a quick nap before dinner.
-
He decided to lie the heavy suitcase on the floor.
He decided to lay the heavy suitcase on the floor.
Remember Lie is for people; lay is for objects.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
The old documents undisturbed in the archives at the back of the library.
- 2.
The workers new bricks every morning to finish the garden wall.
rise vs raise
Rise is an intransitive verb meaning to move upward, while raise is a transitive verb meaning to lift something else.
to lift or move something upward
Please raise your hand if you have a question about the homework.
-
The prices will raise because of the high inflation rate.
The prices will rise because of the high inflation rate.
-
He rose his glass to propose a toast to the couple.
He raised his glass to propose a toast to the couple.
Remember Rise happens on its own; Raise needs an object.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Smoke began to from the chimney as the fire grew.
- 2.
The local government plans to taxes to pay for the new bridge.
sit vs set
Sit is an intransitive action where a person rests their weight, while set is a transitive action where someone places an object somewhere.
-
He decided to set on the bench for a few minutes.
He decided to sit on the bench for a few minutes.
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Please sit the vase on the table before it falls.
Please set the vase on the table before it falls.
Remember You sit yourself; you set the object.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
The cat likes to on the windowsill and watch the birds outside.
- 2.
The waiter will the plates down once everyone is ready to eat.
fall vs fell
Fall is an intransitive verb meaning to drop down, while fell is the transitive action of knocking something over.
To cut or knock something down.
The lumberjacks plan to fell the dead oak tree before the storm hits.
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If the ladder slips, you will fell to the ground.
If the ladder slips, you will fall to the ground.
-
The workers will fall the old building tomorrow morning.
The workers will fell the old building tomorrow morning.
Remember You fall down; you fell a tree.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
The leaves usually from the trees during the first week of October.
- 2.
Strong winds can power lines and cause major blackouts in the city.
hang vs hung
Hung is the standard past tense for objects, while hanged is reserved for execution by a noose.
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The prisoner was hung at dawn for his crimes.
The prisoner was hanged at dawn for his crimes.
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I hanged the mirror in the hallway this morning.
I hung the mirror in the hallway this morning.
Remember People are hanged; pictures are hung.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
They decided to the new painting in the living room.
- 2.
We the festive lights along the roof last night.
steal vs rob
Steal focuses on the object taken; rob focuses on the victim or location targeted.
taking an object without permission
Someone tried to steal my bicycle while I was in the shop.
-
The thieves managed to rob three expensive laptops from the office.
The thieves managed to steal three expensive laptops from the office.
-
The mugger stole the old man in the park and took his watch.
The mugger robbed the old man in the park and took his watch.
Remember You steal the stuff, but you rob the place.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
He didn't have enough money, so he decided to a loaf of bread.
- 2.
It is dangerous to walk there at night because someone might you.
discover vs invent
Discover is finding something that was already there; invent is creating something that never existed before.
finding something that already exists
Astronomers hope to discover a new planet in the outer solar system.
creating something entirely new
Engineers are trying to invent a more efficient battery for electric cars.
-
Scientists want to invent new species in the deep ocean.
Scientists want to discover new species in the deep ocean.
-
Alexander Graham Bell discovered the telephone in 1876.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Remember Discover = Uncover. Invent = Intent.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She was surprised to a hidden compartment in the old desk.
- 2.
It takes a lot of creativity to a brand new board game.
refuse vs deny
Refuse is saying no to an offer or request; deny is saying a statement isn't true or withholding a right.
Saying no to doing or accepting something.
The manager had to refuse the invitation because of a prior commitment.
Declaring a statement false or rejecting access.
The suspect continues to deny any involvement in the recent jewelry heist.
Remember Refuse the offer; deny the truth.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Most banks will to lend money without a steady source of income.
- 2.
Security guards will entry to anyone who cannot show a valid permit.
accept vs agree
Accept is the act of receiving or approving something offered, while agree is the act of reaching a shared opinion or giving consent to a proposal.
Taking what is offered or given.
The committee decided to accept the proposal after reviewing the budget.
-
The manager did not agree my apology for being late.
The manager did not accept my apology for being late.
-
I accept with you that the project needs more funding.
I agree with you that the project needs more funding.
Remember Accept the gift; agree with the idea.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She was thrilled to the job offer from the law firm.
- 2.
I completely with your assessment of the current market situation.
advise vs advice
Advise is the action of giving a suggestion, while advice is the suggestion itself.
to give a recommendation or guidance
The consultant will advise the board on how to handle the merger.
a recommendation regarding a future action
She gave me some excellent advice about my career path last week.
-
Can you advice me on the best way to travel?
Can you advise me on the best way to travel?
-
I would like to ask for your advise on this matter.
I would like to ask for your advice on this matter.
Remember Advise has an 's' for 'Speak'; Advice has a 'c' for 'Concept'.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
I strongly you to check the contract before signing anything.
- 2.
I need your on which laptop would be best for editing.
practice vs practise
In American English, practice is both the noun and the verb, while British English uses practice for the noun and practise for the verb.
The noun form or American verb.
The young pianist needs more practice before the upcoming winter recital.
The verb form in British English.
You should practise your scales for at least twenty minutes every morning.
-
I need to practice my French before we visit Paris next month.
I need to practise my French before we visit Paris next month.
Remember Ice is a noun (practice); Rise is a verb (practise).
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Most American doctors medicine in large suburban clinics or hospitals.
- 2.
The legal team will their opening statements in the empty courtroom.
ensure vs insure vs assure
Assure is for people, ensure is for outcomes, and insure is for financial protection.
make certain an event happens
Please check the locks to ensure the building is secure for the night.
provide financial compensation for loss
It is mandatory to insure your vehicle before driving on public roads.
tell someone something to remove doubt
I can assure you that the delivery will arrive by Friday morning.
-
We need to insure that everyone has a copy of the agenda.
We need to ensure that everyone has a copy of the agenda.
-
I can ensure you that the project will be finished on time.
I can assure you that the project will be finished on time.
Remember Assure a person; Ensure a result; Insure a house.
Fill the gap with one of the three options.
- 1.
The new software update will that all data is backed up automatically.
- 2.
The gallery decided to the collection for over ten million dollars.
- 3.
The doctor tried to the patient that the procedure was routine.
imply vs infer
Imply is the act of sending a hidden message; infer is the act of decoding it.
suggesting something without saying it directly
The manager's tone seemed to imply that my job was at risk.
drawing a conclusion from available evidence
From the data provided, we can infer a significant shift in consumer behavior.
-
Are you trying to infer that I am lying to you?
Are you trying to imply that I am lying to you?
Remember Imply = Sender. Infer = Receiver.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
I did not mean to that you were responsible for the error.
- 2.
What am I supposed to from your long silence this morning?
borrow vs loan
Borrow is to take something for a short time; loan is to give something for a short time.
-
I need to loan a book from the local library.
I need to borrow a book from the local library.
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Can you borrow me five dollars until tomorrow?
Can you loan me five dollars until tomorrow?
Remember Borrow = Bring. Loan = Leave.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Can I a pen to sign this contract?
- 2.
I can you my umbrella if it's still raining.
learn vs study
Study is the process of trying to understand a subject; learn is the moment you successfully acquire the knowledge or skill.
-
Did you study how to swim when you were a child?
Did you learn how to swim when you were a child?
Remember Study is the work; learn is the result.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She wants to Japanese before she moves to Tokyo next summer.
- 2.
They usually in the library because it is quiet there.
suggest vs recommend
Suggest proposes a possibility for consideration, while recommend provides a stronger endorsement based on personal belief or expertise.
proposing an idea or potential plan
I suggest we take the train to avoid the heavy morning traffic.
advising a choice based on merit
The doctor will recommend a specialist if the symptoms do not improve soon.
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I suggest this restaurant because the seafood is the best in town.
I recommend this restaurant because the seafood is the best in town.
Remember Suggest = an idea. Recommend = a seal of approval.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She didn't want to a specific time until everyone checked their calendars.
- 2.
Most critics this film for its outstanding cinematography and acting.
avoid vs prevent
Avoid is staying away from a person or thing; prevent is stopping an event from occurring.
Stay away from something or someone.
He tried to avoid his boss after missing the project deadline.
Stop an event from happening.
Regular maintenance will prevent the machine from breaking down unexpectedly.
-
I always prevent the broken glass on the floor.
I always avoid the broken glass on the floor.
-
We must avoid the fire from spreading to the next building.
We must prevent the fire from spreading to the next building.
Remember Avoid the person; prevent the problem.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Drivers should the city center during the morning rush hour.
- 2.
New security measures were introduced to further data breaches.
discover vs realize
Discover is for finding something that already existed in the world; realize is for a sudden shift in your own understanding.
finding something previously unknown or hidden
Researchers hope to discover a more efficient way to store solar energy.
becoming aware of a fact or situation
I didn't realize the meeting had been moved to the second floor.
-
The explorers realized a new species of butterfly in the rainforest.
The explorers discovered a new species of butterfly in the rainforest.
-
I just discovered that I left my keys in the car.
I just realized that I left my keys in the car.
Remember Discover is finding a place; realize is finding a thought.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
We were surprised to a small stream running through the back of the property.
- 2.
Most people don't how much work goes into maintaining a public park.
notice vs realize
Notice is for physical observation through the senses; realize is for a mental shift in understanding or sudden awareness of a fact.
Detecting something with your senses.
I did not notice the small scratch on the car until this morning.
Suddenly understanding a fact or situation.
He did not realize the meeting had been cancelled until he arrived.
-
Did you realize the new haircut she got yesterday?
Did you notice the new haircut she got yesterday?
-
I didn't notice that the train was leaving until it was too late.
I didn't realize that the train was leaving until it was too late.
Remember Notice with your eyes; realize with your brain.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She a strange smell coming from the kitchen when she walked in.
- 2.
I suddenly that I had left my keys inside the locked house.
look vs seem
Look focuses on visual evidence, while seem describes an internal impression or a general state.
Appearance based on visual evidence.
The sky looks dark so we should probably bring an umbrella.
A general impression or subjective feeling.
They seem happy with the new arrangement despite the lower salary.
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The new manager seems tired today; his eyes are very red.
The new manager looks tired today; his eyes are very red.
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He looks to be a very intelligent person based on his speech.
He seems to be a very intelligent person based on his speech.
Remember Look is for the eyes; seem is for the mind.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She exhausted after working that double shift at the hospital.
- 2.
It like a good idea to start the project early.
depend vs rely
Depend describes a logical or physical necessity where one thing is controlled by another, while rely emphasizes a personal sense of trust or confidence in someone's support.
to be determined or controlled by
The success of our outdoor event will depend entirely on the weather tomorrow.
to trust or have confidence in
I know I can always rely on my sister to help me in an emergency.
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The price of the house will rely on how many people want to buy it.
The price of the house will depend on how many people want to buy it.
Remember Depend is for needs; rely is for trust.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Plants on a steady supply of sunlight and water to grow properly.
- 2.
Small businesses often on loyal local customers to stay profitable during the winter.
consist vs contain
Consist describes the components that make up the whole, while contain describes what is held inside a space or container.
to be made of specific parts
The final examination will consist of three separate essays and a short oral presentation.
to hold something within its boundaries
This orange juice might contain traces of nuts because of the factory's processing methods.
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The atmosphere contains of nitrogen, oxygen, and several other trace gases.
The atmosphere consists of nitrogen, oxygen, and several other trace gases.
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The locked safe consists of the original deeds to the family property.
The locked safe contains the original deeds to the family property.
Remember Consist = The recipe. Contain = The box.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
A standard deck of playing cards of fifty-two cards divided into four suits.
- 2.
The old wooden crate several fragile glass bottles wrapped in thick brown paper.
include vs contain
Include lists one or more parts of a larger group; contain describes what is physically or conceptually held inside a boundary.
to hold something inside itself
This bottle of orange juice might contain traces of nuts and soy.
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The price of the tour contains all transportation and museum fees.
The price of the tour includes all transportation and museum fees.
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The envelope includes a check for five hundred dollars.
The envelope contains a check for five hundred dollars.
Remember Include is a part; contain is the whole container.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Please your phone number and address on the application form.
- 2.
The old wooden box several letters from the early nineteenth century.
comprise vs compose
Comprise describes the whole containing the parts, while compose describes the parts forming the whole.
The whole contains the parts.
The new luxury apartment complex will comprise sixty individual residential units.
The parts form the whole.
Hydrogen and oxygen atoms compose the molecules that make up water.
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Fifty states compose the United States of America.
Fifty states comprise the United States of America.
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The committee is comprised of five senior members and two students.
Five senior members and two students compose the committee.
Remember The whole comprises the parts; the parts compose the whole.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Seven distinct committees the governing body of the local university.
- 2.
Ten talented musicians the brass section of the city orchestra.
borrow vs rent vs hire
Borrow is taking for free; rent is paying for long-term use; hire is paying for short-term use or labor.
Taking something temporarily without paying.
Can I borrow your umbrella until the rain stops this afternoon?
Paying to use property or equipment.
They decided to rent a small apartment near the city center.
Paying for services or short-term use.
The company needs to hire a new accountant by next month.
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Can I rent your pen for a second?
Can I borrow your pen for a second?
-
I need to borrow a suit for the wedding because I don't own one.
I need to hire a suit for the wedding because I don't own one.
Remember Borrow is free. Rent is a fee. Hire is for a person or a spree.
Fill the gap with one of the three options.
- 1.
Students often books from the library for their research projects.
- 2.
It is often cheaper to a tuxedo than to buy one.
- 3.
We should a car for our weekend trip to the coast.
arrive vs reach
Arrive focuses on the moment of appearance at a destination and requires a preposition, while reach focuses on the effort or distance covered and takes a direct object.
to get somewhere after traveling or effort
They finally reached the summit after six hours of climbing.
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What time does the flight reach at the airport?
What time does the flight arrive at the airport?
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We arrived the hotel very late last night.
We reached the hotel very late last night.
Remember Arrive at a place; reach a goal.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
We didn't in London until after midnight because of the storm.
- 2.
It took us nearly three hours to the outskirts of the city.
get to vs arrive at/in
Get to is the informal way to describe the journey's end, while arrive is the formal choice for reaching a destination.
reaching a place in conversation
We didn't get to the hotel until after midnight because of the heavy rain.
arrive at/in
not English
reaching a destination formally
Remember Get to is for talking; Arrive is for travel documents.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Call me as soon as you the office tomorrow morning.
take vs carry
Take describes moving something from one place to another, while carry describes the physical act of supporting a weight while moving.
Moving something to a new location.
Please take these documents to the accounting office on the third floor.
Holding and supporting something while moving.
The boxes were so heavy that he could only carry one at a time.
-
Can you carry these books back to the library for me?
Can you take these books back to the library for me?
-
It is difficult to take a heavy suitcase up three flights of stairs.
It is difficult to carry a heavy suitcase up three flights of stairs.
Remember Take is the destination; carry is the effort.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
I need to my car to the mechanic for an oil change.
- 2.
She had to her sleeping toddler all the way from the car.
fetch vs bring
Bring is a one-way movement toward the speaker, while fetch is a two-way trip to go get something and return with it.
Go get something and return.
Could you please fetch the medical records from the filing room downstairs?
Carry something toward the speaker.
Please bring your laptop to the meeting so we can review the slides.
-
I forgot my umbrella at home, so I need to go bring it.
I forgot my umbrella at home, so I need to go fetch it.
-
When you come to the party, please fetch a friend with you.
When you come to the party, please bring a friend with you.
Remember Bring it here; fetch it and back.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
The dog loves to the ball whenever we go to the park.
- 2.
He promised to some dessert when he comes over for dinner tonight.
borrow vs take
Borrow is to receive something temporarily with the intent to return it, while take is to remove something from a place or person.
to use something temporarily and return it
I need to borrow your umbrella because it started raining outside.
to move something away from its place
Please remember to take your keys when you leave the house.
-
Can I take your pen for a second? I will give it back.
Can I borrow your pen for a second? I will give it back.
-
Don't forget to borrow your coat when you go out.
Don't forget to take your coat when you go out.
Remember Borrow is a loan; take is a move.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Students can up to five books from the library at once.
- 2.
He decided to the documents to the meeting himself.
ask vs ask for
Ask is for questions and information; ask for is for requesting a physical object or a specific action.
to request a tangible object or service
The customer decided to ask for a refund after the product broke.
-
She wanted to ask for his name and phone number.
She wanted to ask his name and phone number.
-
I called the waiter to ask the bill.
I called the waiter to ask for the bill.
Remember Ask a question. Ask for a thing.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
If you don't know the way, just someone for directions.
- 2.
You should a glass of water if you feel faint.
explain vs tell
Explain focuses on the details or reasons behind a topic, while tell focuses on the transfer of information to a specific person.
to clarify a process or reason
The professor will explain the theory during the next lecture.
-
I will tell the situation to my parents tonight.
I will explain the situation to my parents tonight.
-
He explained me the rules of the game.
He told me the rules of the game.
Remember Explain the 'why'; tell the person.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Can you how this new software actually works?
- 2.
She didn't her boss about the mistake until Friday.
mention vs say
Say focuses on the words spoken, while mention is a brief, incidental reference to a topic.
Refer to something briefly or incidentally.
She happened to mention her new job during our lunch break yesterday.
Express thoughts or information using words.
I forgot to say thank you for the lovely gift you sent.
-
He said your name during the meeting but didn't give details.
He mentioned your name during the meeting but didn't give details.
-
I forgot to mention goodbye before I left the office.
I forgot to say goodbye before I left the office.
Remember Mention is a touch; say is the whole story.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Did he when the project deadline was supposed to be?
- 2.
The instructions that we need to restart the computer now.
see vs look
See is the passive act of noticing with your eyes, while look is the active direction of your gaze.
to direct your eyes toward something
Please look at the whiteboard while I explain the next exercise.
-
Can you look the car in the parking lot?
Can you see the car in the parking lot?
-
I saw at the map for ten minutes but couldn't find the street.
I looked at the map for ten minutes but couldn't find the street.
Remember See is a sense; look is a choice.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Did you that bird fly past the window just now?
- 2.
If you closely, you can see the tiny details in the painting.
look vs watch
Look is the act of directing your eyes toward something, while watch is the act of paying attention to something in motion over time.
directing your eyes toward a target
Please look at the whiteboard while I explain the new grammar rule.
observing something moving or changing
We decided to stay home and watch a documentary on Netflix last night.
-
Watch at this photo of my family from last summer.
Look at this photo of my family from last summer.
-
I stayed up late to look at the football match.
I stayed up late to watch the football match.
Remember Look is a glance; watch is a movie.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
If you closely, you can see the small bird in the tree.
- 2.
The security guard had to the monitors for any suspicious activity.
see vs watch
See is the passive reception of light; watch is the active focus on a moving target.
Noticing something with your eyes.
I can see the mountains from my bedroom window every morning.
Looking at something moving for a while.
We sat on the bench to watch the children play in the park.
-
If you watch carefully, you can watch a small scar on his arm.
If you watch carefully, you can see a small scar on his arm.
-
I stayed home to see the football game on TV.
I stayed home to watch the football game on TV.
Remember See is a sense; watch is a choice.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Did you that bird fly past the kitchen just now?
- 2.
They stayed up late to the final match on television.
notice vs see
See is the physical ability to use your eyes, while notice is the act of paying attention to a specific detail.
paying attention to a specific detail
I didn't notice that you had cut your hair until you mentioned it.
using your eyes to perceive things
If you look out the window, you can see the mountains in the distance.
-
I saw that he was wearing two different socks and started laughing.
I noticed that he was wearing two different socks and started laughing.
-
It was so dark in the cave that I couldn't notice anything.
It was so dark in the cave that I couldn't see anything.
Remember See is the sense; notice is the observation.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Did you the strange smell coming from the kitchen this morning?
- 2.
I can't the whiteboard clearly without wearing my glasses.
discover vs find out
Discover describes finding something that already existed but was unknown to the world, while find out describes learning new information or facts through effort or by chance.
finding something previously unknown to everyone
Archaeologists recently discovered a hidden chamber beneath the ancient temple ruins.
find out
learning information or a specific fact
I need to find out what time the train leaves tomorrow morning.
-
Astronomers want to find out a new galaxy in the deep sky.
Astronomers want to discover a new galaxy in the deep sky.
-
I need to discover why the printer isn't working today.
I need to find out why the printer isn't working today.
Remember Discover is for hidden things; find out is for hidden facts.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
Scientists hope to a new planet in the outer solar system this year.
- 2.
She was shocked to that her neighbors were moving away.
understand vs realize
Understand is the ongoing state of knowing how something works; realize is the sudden moment of becoming aware of a fact.
To grasp the meaning or logic.
I don't understand why the software keeps crashing after the latest update.
To suddenly become aware of something.
I didn't realize that the meeting had been moved to the afternoon.
-
Do you realize how this engine functions?
Do you understand how this engine functions?
-
I didn't understand that you were standing right behind me.
I didn't realize that you were standing right behind me.
Remember Understand is a state; realize is a spark.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
She the complex mathematical theories behind the new research project.
- 2.
He suddenly he had left his keys inside the locked apartment.
because vs because of
Because introduces a clause with a subject and a verb, while because of is a preposition that precedes a noun or noun phrase.
introduces a reason with a full clause
The flight was delayed because the pilot arrived late to the airport.
introduces a reason with a noun
The game was cancelled because of the heavy rain this morning.
-
We couldn't go for a walk because of it was raining.
We couldn't go for a walk because it was raining.
-
The shop closed early because the snow.
The shop closed early because of the snow.
Remember Because + Clause; Because of + Noun.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
We stayed inside all afternoon it was raining heavily outside.
- 2.
She missed the meeting a technical problem with her laptop.
result vs consequence
Result is the neutral outcome of an action, while consequence implies a negative or serious logical follow-up.
The final score or neutral outcome.
The test result confirmed that the water was safe for the city to drink.
A negative or serious logical effect.
He had to face the legal consequence of driving without a valid license.
-
If you keep skipping class, you will have to face the results.
If you keep skipping class, you will have to face the consequences.
Remember Result is the score; consequence is the penalty.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
We are still waiting for the final of the local election.
- 2.
Rising sea levels are a direct of global temperature increases.
allow vs let
Allow requires the to-infinitive, while let requires the bare infinitive.
Permit something using a formal structure.
The new security policy doesn't allow staff to enter after midnight.
Give permission using a direct structure.
Please let me know if you need any help with the project.
-
The teacher didn't let us to use our phones.
The teacher didn't allow us to use our phones.
-
My boss won't allow me leave early today.
My boss won't let me leave early today.
Remember Allow to; let go.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
My parents me to stay out late on the weekends.
- 2.
The guard wouldn't the visitors pass without showing their identification.
make vs cause
Make focuses on the result or forced action, while cause focuses on the origin of a negative or neutral event.
To be the reason something happens.
The heavy rain caused a massive traffic jam on the highway.
-
Loud music causes me feel very energetic.
Loud music makes me feel very energetic.
-
The icy roads made a serious accident this morning.
The icy roads caused a serious accident this morning.
Remember Make leads to a result; cause starts a problem.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
A small electrical spark the fire in the kitchen.
lead to vs result in
Lead to focuses on the process or path that starts a chain of events, while result in focuses on the final outcome or consequence.
starts a process or sequence
Poor communication between the departments can lead to serious delays in production.
result in
produces a final consequence
The heavy rainstorm resulted in several flooded basements across the neighborhood.
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The investigation will result in more questions than answers.
The investigation will lead to more questions than answers.
Remember Lead to is the path; result in is the destination.
Fill the gap with one of the two options.
- 1.
The new government policy will likely a significant increase in investment.
- 2.
A small technical error the loss of all the unsaved data.